Valve Assembly for Dispensers

ABSTRACT

A valve assembly for a dispenser. The valve assembly includes a valve body that extends about a longitudinal axis and defines an outer surface and an inner passageway. A valve stem extends through the inner passageway and includes an outer stem surface, an inner stem surface opposite the outer stem surface, and a first orifice extending from the outer stem surface to the inner stem surface. The valve assembly includes a retaining member joined to the second portion of the valve stem, wherein the retaining member extends outward from the outer stem surface. The retaining member includes a first retaining member surface, a second retaining member surface, and a void.

FIELD

The present disclosure is directed to a valve assembly, and, inparticular, to a polymeric valve assembly that may be used in adispenser.

BACKGROUND

Dispensers typically include a container, which may act as a pressurevessel for propellant and product contained therein. Pressurizeddispensing systems, such as systems used to dispense aerosol products,have conventionally included metallic (e.g., steel or aluminum)containers for containing the product under pressure before it isdispensed from the system. Examples of products that are dispensed withsuch systems include air fresheners, fabric fresheners, insectrepellants, paints, body sprays, hair sprays, shoe or footwear sprayproducts, whipped cream, and processed cheese. Recently, there has beenincreased interest in using polymeric bottles as an alternative tometallic containers in pressurized dispensing systems because polymericbottles have several potential advantages. For example, polymericbottles may be easier and cheaper to manufacture than metalliccontainers, and polymeric bottles may be made in a wider variety ofshapes than metallic containers. Additionally, metal containers may beundesirable due to relatively higher cost and being relatively lesssustainable.

The containers are typically, but not necessarily, cylindrical. Thecontainer may include a closed end bottom for resting on horizontalsurfaces such as shelves, countertops, tables etc. The bottom of thecontainer may comprise a re-entrant portion or base cup. The sidewallsdefine the shape of the container and extend upwardly from the bottom toan opening at a top of the container. The opening at the top of thecontainer defines a neck.

Typically, a valve assembly 8 may be joined to a container to allow forselective dispensing of a product. With reference to FIG. 1, the valveassembly 8 may include a metal valve cup 10 inserted at least partiallyinto the neck of the container. The valve cup 10 is crimped against acrimp ring of a container to seal the container and prevent the escapeof propellant, product, and loss of pressurization. The valve cup 10 maydefine a central opening about through which a stem may extend.Positioned between a portion of the stem 14 and the valve cup 10 may bea gasket 16. The gasket 16 made be made from an elastomer, andtraditionally, a cross linked elastomer, such as cross-linked vulcanizedrubbers. The gasket 16 may be used to seal the interface between thevalve cup 10 and the stem 14. The stem 18 may extend through the centralopening in the valve cup 10 and engage a portion of the gasket 16. Theportion of the stem that extends from the central opening of the valvecup towards the bottom of the outer contain may engage a housing 12 anda spring 20. The portion of the stem 18 may push the spring 20 towardsthe bottom of the container to allow product to pass from the containerand into the interior of the stem and out through the actuator 18. Uponrelease of the actuator 18, the spring may push the actuator in adirection away from the bottom of the container, which stops the releaseof material from inside the container to ambient. The spring 20 istypically made from metal. The spring 20 is supported by the housing 12.

To selectively dispense product from an aerosol dispenser, the valveassembly includes a number of different components. These components aremade from a number of different materials including metal and polymeric,which may be plastic, components. However, for producing an aerosoldispenser that is both recyclable and economical, it is desirable tohave all the components made from materials that may be recycled, suchas being accepted into a single recycling stream, or to minimize thenumber of component parts made from other than polymeric materials.

SUMMARY

In some embodiments, a valve for a dispenser. The valve includes a valvebody extending about a longitudinal axis. The valve body defines anouter surface and an inner passageway. The inner passageway includes afirst passageway opening and a second passageway opening and apassageway surface extending from the first passageway opening to thesecond passageway opening. The valve also includes a valve stemextending through the inner passageway. A first portion of the valvestem extends through the first passageway opening and a second portionof the valve stem is substantially surrounded by the passageway surface.The valve stem includes an outer stem surface and an inner stem surfaceopposite the outer stem surface. The valve also includes a retainingmember joined to the second portion of the valve stem. The retainingmember extends outward from the outer stem surface. The retaining memberincludes a first retaining member surface, a second retaining membersurface, and a void. The void may include a slit, slot, or notch.

The retaining member may be used to control the movement of the valvestem and keep the valve stem within the valve body duringoverpressurization. The void may be used to release product and/orpropellant during overpressurization and to reduce the force to compressthe valve stem during at least one of dispensing and filling.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Several figures are provided to help the reader understand theinvention. The figures are intended to be viewed in conjunction with thespecification and are not intended to be limiting beyond that of thewording of the specification. Reference numbers are used to identifydifferent features of the figures. The same reference numbers are usedthroughout the specification and drawings to show the same features,regardless of the variation of the invention that is depicted.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a prior art, industry standard valveassembly including a metal valve cup.

FIG. 2A is a side view of an aerosol dispenser.

FIG. 2B is a side view of an aerosol dispenser.

FIG. 3A is a sectional view of an aerosol dispenser including a bag.

FIG. 3B is a sectional view of an aerosol dispenser including a diptube.

FIG. 3C is a sectional view of an aerosol dispenser including a bag anda dip tube.

FIG. 3D is a sectional view of a dip tube joined to a valve assembly anda bag wrapped about the dip tube.

FIG. 3E is a perspective view of a dip tube joined to a valve assemblyand an extended bag.

FIG. 4A is a partial, exploded, sectional view of a valve assembly, aproduct delivery device, and a container.

FIG. 4B is a partial, section view of a valve assembly, a productdelivery device, and a container.

FIG. 5A is a sectional view of a valve assembly.

FIG. 5B is a sectional view of a valve assembly.

FIG. 5C is a sectional view of a valve assembly.

FIG. 5D is a sectional view of a valve assembly.

FIG. 6A is a perspective, sectional view of a valve assembly.

FIG. 6B is a side, exploded, sectional view of a valve assembly.

FIG. 7A is a perspective, sectional view of a valve assembly.

FIG. 7B is a side, exploded, sectional view of a valve assembly.

FIG. 8A is a top view of a valve stem including a retaining memberhaving an aperture.

FIG. 8B is a top view of a valve stem including a retaining memberhaving a slot.

FIG. 8C is a top view of a valve stem including a retaining memberhaving a slot.

FIG. 9A is a side view of a valve stem including a retaining memberhaving a notch.

FIG. 9B is a side view of a valve stem including a retaining memberhaving a notch.

FIG. 10A is a side view of a valve stem including a retaining memberhaving a notch.

FIG. 10B is a side view of a valve stem including a retaining memberhaving a notch.

FIG. 11 is a side, sectional view of a valve assembly.

FIG. 12 is a side, section view of a valve assembly FIG. 13A is a topview of a resilient member.

FIG. 13B is a top view of a resilient member.

FIG. 13C is a top view of a resilient member.

FIG. 14A is a side, sectional view of a resilient member.

FIG. 14B is a side, sectional view of a resilient member.

FIG. 14C is a side, sectional view of a resilient member.

FIG. 14D is a side, sectional view of a resilient member.

FIG. 14E is a side, sectional view of a resilient member.

FIG. 14F is a side, sectional view of a resilient member.

FIG. 14G is a side, sectional view of a resilient member.

FIG. 14H is a side, sectional view of a resilient member.

FIG. 14I is a side, sectional view of a resilient member.

FIG. 14J is a side, sectional view of a resilient member.

FIG. 15 is a graph of the resilient member force vs. distance ofcompression of the resilient member.

FIG. 16A is a sectional, side view of a valve assembly including a forceconcentrator member and an engagement member including one or more forceconcentrators.

FIG. 16B is a perspective, sectional view of a force concentrator memberincluding one or more force concentrators.

FIG. 16C is a perspective view of a valve body including one or moreforce concentrators and a valve seal.

FIG. 17A is a sectional view of a valve assembly including a dip tubadaptor and retaining member that each include one or more forceconcentrators.

FIG. 17B is a sectional, exploded view of the valve assembly of FIG.17A.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present disclosure is directed to valve assembly and, morespecifically, a valve assembly for a dispenser. The present disclosuredescribes the valve assembly used in an aerosol dispenser. However, thevalve assembly may be used in a non-pressurized dispenser. An aerosoldispenser may include a container for containing a product and apropellant and a valve assembly for dispensing the product or theproduct and the propellant from the container. Other components may beincluded in the aerosol dispenser such as a nozzle for controlling thespray characteristics of a product as it discharged from the aerosoldispenser and an actuator for selectively dispensing product from theaerosol dispenser. Products may include, but are not limited to: shavecream, shave foam, body sprays, body washes, perfumes, hair cleaners,hair conditions, hair styling products, antiperspirants, deodorants,personal and household cleaning or disinfecting compositions, airfreshening products, fabric freshening products, hard-surface products,astringents, foods, paint, pharmaceuticals, and insecticides. Therelatively large number of products that may be dispensed using aerosolshas made aerosols a popular choice among manufacturing companies. Therelative popularity of aerosol dispensers has resulted in companiesconsidering cost cutting measures with respect to aerosol dispensers andto consider materials, at least in part, for aerosol dispensers tominimize the environmental impact.

For example, an aerosol dispenser made from polymeric components may aidin the recyclability of the dispensers and help with reducing cost, suchas by reducing the cost of manufacturing, eliminating expensive metalcomponents, and reducing the cost of shipping, through weight reductionof each dispenser. The use of different materials also allows forgreater flexibly in the size and shape of the dispenser. The presentdisclosure is directed to a valve that includes a valve assembly thatmay be accepted into a single recycling stream, such as the PET(polyethylene terephthalate) recycling stream, and safely vents atrelatively excessive temperatures and/or pressures.

With reference to FIGS. 2A, 2B, 3A, and 3B, an aerosol dispenser 30 mayinclude a container 32, a valve assembly 52 (also referred to herein asa valve), a product delivery device 56, an actuator 46, and a nozzle 60.The container 32 may include a base cup 48 joined thereto and indicia 50disposed on, for example, the sidewalls 36 of the container 32. Thevalve assembly 52 may be joined to a portion of the container 32. Byjoined includes directly or indirectly joined. Joined includes removablyjoined and fixedly joined. Joined includes both mechanical attachment,such as by screws, bolts, interference fit, friction fit, welding, andintegrally molding, and chemical attachment, such as by adhesive or theadhesive properties inherent in the materials being attached. The valveassembly 52 may be joined to the container such that a portion of thevalve assembly 52 is disposed within the container. The product deliverydevice 56 may be joined to at least one of a portion of the container 32and a portion of the valve assembly 52 and the product delivery devicemay be in fluid communication with the actuator 46 and the nozzle 60.

A base cup 48 may be joined to the bottom portion, which is opposite thevalve assembly 52, of the container 32 and may be used, for example, toaid in positioning the dispenser on flat surfaces and to reinforce thebottom 34 of the aerosol dispenser. The container 32 may be configuredto hold product and/or propellant. The product delivery device may bedisposed at least partially within the container and the valve may bejoined to the container 32 and may be in operative communication withthe product delivery device. The product and/or the propellant may bestored in the container 32. Upon being dispensed, the product and/orpropellant may travel from and/or through the product delivery device 56and through the valve assembly 52.

The valve assembly 52 may be in fluid communication with a nozzle 60.The nozzle 60 directs product out of the aerosol dispenser and into theenvironment or onto a target surface. The nozzle may be configured invarious different ways depending upon the desired dispensing and spraycharacteristics. The actuator 46 may be engaged by a user and isconfigured to initiate and terminate dispensing of the product and/orpropellant. Stated another way, the actuator provides selectivedispensing of the product and/or propellant. The actuator 46 may bedepressible, operable as a trigger, push-button, and the like, to causerelease of a product from the aerosol dispenser 30. The actuator 46 mayinclude a connector such as a male or female connector, snap-fitconnector, or the like to secure the actuator to the container. It is tobe appreciated that to dispense product, the aerosol dispenser does notneed to include an actuator and a nozzle. The product and/or propellantmay be dispensed from the stem.

The container 32 may be used to hold product and/or propellant. Thecontainer 32 may be any shape that allows product and/or propellant tobe held within the interior of the container. For example, the containermay be peanut-shaped, oval-shaped, or rectangular-shaped. It is to beappreciated that the container 32 may be molded, which allows for anynumber of shapes to be used. The container 32 may be longitudinallyelongate such that the container has an aspect ratio of a longitudinaldimension to a transverse dimension, such as diameter. The aspect ratiomay be greater than 1, equal to 1, such as in a sphere or shortercylinder, or an aspect ratio less than 1. The containers 32 may becylindrical.

The container 32 may include a closed bottom 34, one or more sidewalls36, and a neck 40. The one or more sidewalls 36 may extend between theclosed bottom 34 and the neck 40. The sidewalls 36 generally define theshape of the container 32. A shoulder 42 may be included between theneck 40 and the one or more sidewalls 36. The neck 40 of the container32 may define an opening 38. The opening 38 may be opposite the bottom34 of the container 32. The neck 40 and/or shoulder 42 may have auniform or varying thickness in order to achieve a desired strength inthese regions of the container 32.

The bottom 34 of the container 32 may be configured for resting onhorizontal surfaces such as shelves, countertops, tables etc. The bottom34 of the container 32 may include a re-entrant portion or base cup 48.The base cup 48 may be joined to the bottom 34 of the container 32 andmay aid in reinforcement of the bottom 34 and/or may allow the containerto rest on horizonal surfaces. The container 32 may not include a basecup and may be configured to sit on at least a portion of the bottom 34.Suitable shapes of the bottom 34 include petaloid, champagne,hemispherical, or other generally convex or concave shapes. Each ofthese shapes of the bottom 34 may be used with or without a base cup 48.The container 32 may have a generally flat base with an optional punt.

The container 32 may be polymeric. The container 32 may includepolyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene furanoate (PEF),polyester, nylon, polyolefin, EVOH, or mixtures thereof. The containermay be a single layer or multi-layered. The container 32 may beinjection molded or blow molded, such as in an injection-stretch blowmolding process or an extrusion blow molding process.

The container 32 may be axisymmetric as shown, or, may be eccentric. Thecross-section may be square, elliptical, irregular, etc. Furthermore,the cross section may be generally constant as shown, or may bevariable. For a variable cross-section, the container may be, forexample, barrel shaped, hourglass shaped, or monotonically tapered.

The container 32 may range from about 6 cm to about 60 cm, or from about10 cm to about 40 cm in height, taken in the axial direction. Thecontainer 32 may have a cross-section perimeter or diameter, if a roundcross-section is selected, from about 3 cm to about 60 cm, or from about4 cm to about 10 cm. The container may have a volume ranging from about40 cubic centimeters to about 1000 cubic centimeters exclusive of anycomponents therein, such as a product delivery device 56.

At 21° C., the container 32 may be pressurized to an internal gagepressure of about 100 kPa to about 1500 kPa, or from about 110 kPa toabout 1300 kPa, or from about 115 kPa to about 490 kPa, or about 270 kPato about 420 kPa using a propellant. An aerosol dispenser 30 may have aninitial propellant pressure of about 1500 kPa and a final propellantpressure of about 120 kPa, an initial propellant pressure of about 900kPa and a final propellant pressure of about 300 kPa, or an initialpropellant pressure of about 500 kPa and a final propellant pressure of0 kPa, including any values between the recited ranges.

The propellant may include hydrocarbons, compressed gas, such asnitrogen and air, hydro-fluorinated olefins (HFO), such astrans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene, and mixtures thereof. Propellantslisted in the US Federal Register 49 CFR 1.73.115, Class 2, Division 2.2may be acceptable. The propellant may be condensable. A condensablepropellant, when condensed, may provide the benefit of a flatterdepressurization curve at the vapor pressure, as product is depletedduring usage. A condensable propellant may provide the benefit that agreater volume of gas may be placed into the container at a givenpressure. Generally, the highest pressure occurs after the aerosoldispenser is charged with product but before the first dispensing ofthat product by the user.

The product delivery device 56 may be used to contain and/or provide fordelivery of product and/or propellant from the aerosol dispenser 30 upondemand. Suitable product delivery devices 56 comprise a piston, a bag24, or a dip tube 26, such as illustrated in FIGS. 3A and 3B. Theproduct delivery device 56 may include polyethylene terephthalate (PET),polypropylene (PP), polyethylene furanoate (PEF), polyester, nylon,polyolefin, EVOH, or mixtures thereof. The container may be a singlelayer or multi-layered. The bag 24 may be disposed within the container32 and be configured to hold a product therein, such as illustrated inFIG. 3A. Propellant may be disposed within the container 32 and betweenthe container and the bag 24. A portion of the bag 24 may be joined toat least one of the container 32 and a portion of the valve assembly 52,such as the valve body 54. The bag 24 may be positioned between thecontainer 32 and the valve body 54. The bag 24 may be inserted into thecontainer 32 and subsequently joined thereto. The bag 24 may be joinedto the valve body 54, and the valve body 54 joined to the bag 24 may besubsequently inserted into the container 32.

As illustrated in FIG. 3B, the dispenser may include a dip tube adaptor64 and a dip tube 26. The dip tube adaptor 64 may be disposed within thecontainer 32. The dip tube adaptor 64 may engage a portion of the neck40. The dip tube 26 may be joined to the dip tube adaptor 64 and extendfrom the dip tube adaptor 64 toward the bottom 34 of the container 32.It is to be appreciated that the dip tube 26 may be attached directly toa portion of the valve assembly, such as the valve body 54. The dip tube26 and/or the dip tube adaptor 64 may be attached to the valve body 54prior to being disposed within the container. The dip tube 26 and/or thedip tube adaptor 64 may be disposed within the container and thensubsequently joined to a portion of the container and/or the valve body54.

The product delivery device 56 may include a metering device fordispensing a pre-determined, metered quantity of product. The productdelivery device 56 may include an inverting valve such as a valveincluding a ball therein to alter the path of product flow. The productdelivery device 56 may include a dip tube disposed in a bag. The productdelivery device 56 may be polymeric.

Referring to FIGS. 3C-3E, the product delivery device 56 may include adip tube 26 and a bag 24. The bag 24 may be attached to a portion of thedip tub 26 and the dip tube may be disposed within the bag 24. The diptube 26 may include one or more orifices through which product may flow.A portion of the dip tube 26 may be joined to a portion of the valveassembly 54. A portion of the dip tube 26 may be joined to a portion ofthe valve body 54. The dip tube 26 may be joined to a portion of thevalve body 54 by friction fit, snap fit, chemical attachment, such as byadhesive, or mechanical attachment, such as by a screw or nail. Prior tothe valve assembly 52, the dip tub 26, and the bag 24 being joined tothe container 32, the bag 24 may be wrapped about the dip tub 26, suchas illustrated in FIG. 3D, or collapsed in some other manner such thatthe bag 24 does not interfere as the dip tube 26 and bag 24 are insertedinto the container 32. Once the bag 24 and dip tube 26 are disposedwithin the container 32, the bag 24 may expand within the container.

The container 32 and/or the product delivery device 56 may betransparent or substantially transparent. This arrangement provides thebenefit that the consumer knows when product is nearing depletion andallows improved communication of product attributes, such as color,viscosity, etc. Also, indicia disposed on the container, such aslabeling or other decoration of the container, may be more apparent ifthe background to which such decoration is applied is clear. Labels maybe shrink wrapped, printed, etc., as are known in the art.

The container 32 may include a neck 40. The neck 40 may define anopening 38 and be configured to receive a valve assembly 52. The valveassembly 52 may be disposed on or inserted, at least partially, into theopening 38 of the neck 40 of the container 32, such as illustrated inFIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3C. The valve assembly 52 may include a valve body 54,a valve stem 62, and a resilient member 58. At least a portion of thevalve assembly 52 may be movable in relationship to the balance of theaerosol dispenser in order to open and close the aerosol dispenser fordispensing product. The valve assembly 52 may be opened due to movementof the valve stem 62 which may be through use of an actuator 46 orthrough manual or other mechanical depression of the valve stem 62. Whenthe valve 52 is opened, for example, by way of the actuator 46, a flowpath is created for the product to be dispensed through a nozzle 60 toambient or a target surface. The valve assembly 52 may be opened, forexample, by selective actuation of the actuator 46 by a user.

A portion of the valve body 54 may be sealed to the neck of thecontainer 32, such as illustrated in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3C, to preventthe escape of product and/or propellant. The valve body 54 may be sealedto the container 32 utilizing a press fit, interference fit, crimping,solvent welding, laser welding, sonic welding, ultrasonic welding, spinwelding, adhesive or any combination thereof, so long as a seal adequateto contain the product and/or to maintain the pressure results. Thevalve body 54 may be joined to the container 32 such that at least aportion of the valve body 54 is disposed within the container 32. Thevalve body 54 may be joined to the container 32 such that the valve body54 is joined to the opening of the neck and the valve body 54 isdisposed on top of the neck.

As illustrated in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the valve body 54 may extend about alongitudinal axis 70. The valve body 54 may include an outer surface 72and define an inner passageway 74. The outer surface 72 may include thesurface positioned farthest from the longitudinal axis 70. The outersurface 72 may extend about the longitudinal axis 70. The innerpassageway 74 may include a first passageway opening 76 and a secondpassageway opening 78 and a passageway surface 80 extending from thefirst passageway opening 76 to the second passageway opening 78. Thepassageway surface 80 may substantially surround the longitudinal axis70.

A valve stem 62 may extend through the inner passageway 74 of the valvebody 54. The valve stem 62 provides a product flow path from theinterior of the container to the nozzle 60 and operatively joins theactuator 46 to the valve assembly 52. The valve stem 62 may bepositioned with respect to the valve body 54 in a sealing configuration,also referred to herein as a sealed configuration, such that an upperportion 86 of the valve stem 62 is adjacent to the first passagewayopening 76 of the valve body 54, a second portion 88 of the valve stem62 may be substantially surrounded by the passageway surface 80, and athird portion 90 of the valve stem 62 may be adjacent to the secondpassageway opening 78 of the valve body 54. The valve stem 62 may bepositioned with respect to the valve body 54 in a sealing configurationsuch that an upper portion 86 of the valve stem 62 extends through thefirst passageway opening 76 of the valve body 54, a second portion 88 ofthe valve stem 62 may be substantially surrounded by the passagewaysurface 80, and a third portion 90 of the valve stem 62 may extendthrough the second passageway opening 78 of the valve body 54. The valvestem 62 may be moveable with respect to the valve body 54, for examplebetween a sealing configuration and/or a dispensing configuration and/ora filling configuration. Thus, the valve stem 62 may be positioned inother configurations as the valve stem 62 moves. The valve stem 62 mayinclude an outer stem surface 92 and an inner stem surface 94 oppositethe outer stem surface. The inner stem surface 94 may define a channel95 through which product and/or propellant may flow either out from orinto the container. The valve stem 62 may include a dispensing opening116 that may be used to introduce propellant and/or product into thecontainer or dispense product and/or propellant from the container.

The valve assembly 52 may include a valve seal 82, such as illustratedin FIGS. 4A and 4B. The valve seal may be disposed on at least a portionof the passageway surface 80 and may extend about a portion of thepassageway surface 80. The valve seal may be joined to the passagewaysurface 80 such that the valve seal remains in position as the valvestem 62 moves from the sealing configuration to a dispensingconfiguration or a filling configuration. The valve seal may extend fromthe passageway surface 80 toward the second passageway opening 78. Thevalve seal 82 may extend about the second passageway opening 78. Thevalve seal 82 may extend from the passageway surface 80 to the firstpassageway opening 76. The valve seal 82 may extend about the secondpassageway opening 78 without extending from the passageway surface 80.The valve seal 82 may be any shape such that a seal is formed with aportion of the valve stem 62 and product and/or propellant is containedwithin the container.

The valve assembly 52 may include a resilient member 58. The resilientmember 58 may be disposed on a portion of the valve body 54. Theresilient member 58 may be positioned adjacent to the first passagewayopening 76 and substantially surround the longitudinal axis 70. Theresilient member 58 may be any compliant member that provides resistanceto a force providing movement of the valve stem 62 when the valve stem62 is moved in a direction toward the container 32, such as to adispensing configuration or a filling configuration, and returns thevalve stem 62 to a sealing configuration when the force is removed orlessened. The resilient member 58 may be made from at least one of ametal and a polymer. The resilient member 58 may be any shape such thatthe resilient member 58 operatively engages the valve stem and controlsthe movement of the valve stem.

The valve assembly 52 may include an engagement member 68. Theengagement member 68 may be joined to a portion of the valve stem 62such that the engagement member 68 moves as the valve stem 62 moves. Theengagement member 68 may extend from the outer stem surface 92 towardsthe outer surface 72 of the valve body 54. The engagement member 68 maybe axisymmetric or non-axisymmetric. The engagement member 68 includesan engagement surface 69. The engagement surface 69 is configured tooperatively engage a portion of the resilient member 58. The resilientmember 58 may be positioned between the engagement surface 69 and aportion of the valve body 54. When the valve stem 62 is in a sealingconfiguration, the engagement surface 69 may operatively engage theresilient member 58 such that the resilient member 58 is placed under adesired amount of compression which biases the valve stem 62 to remainin a positioned such that a seal is maintained. When the valve stem 62is in a dispensing configuration, a user or other mechanical device mayovercome an additional compression force of the resilient member to movethe valve stem 62 from the sealing configuration to the dispensingconfiguration. As the valve stem 62 moves from the sealing configurationto the dispensing configuration, the engagement member 68 compresses theresilient member 58. It is also to be appreciated that the resilientmember 58 may be further compressed to move the valve stem 62 from adispensing configuration to a filling configuration, which will bedisused in more detail herein.

The valve stem 62 may include one or more orifices 108. The orifices 108may be used for filling the container with product and/or propellant anddispensing product and/or propellant from the container. The one or moreorifices 108 may be any shape or size so long as product and/orpropellant may be at least one of filled and dispensed through suchorifice. For example, the one or more orifices may be circular, oval,rectangular, square, or any other shape. The one or more orifices 108may be tapered. For a valve stem 62 including two or more orifices, eachof the orifices may be the same or different shapes and may be the sameor different sizes. For example, when both a dispensing orifice and afilling orifice are included in the valve stem 62, the filling orificemay have a larger cross-sectional open area than the dispensing orifice.The orifice 108 may extend from the outer stem surface 92 to the innerstem surface 94. The orifice 108 may be in fluid communication with thechannel 95 defined by the inner stem surface 94 such that product and/orpropellent may flow through the orifice and into the channel 95. Theproduct and/or propellant may flow from the container, through theorifice, and into the channel 95. The product and/or propellant may alsoflow through the channel, through the orifice, and into the container.

The one or more orifices 108 may be positioned about the valve stem 62such that the release of product and/or propellant is controlled. Theorifice 108 may be positioned between the first portion 86 of the valvestem 62 and at least a portion of the valve seal 82. Stated another way,the one or more orifices 108 may be positioned such that at least aportion of the valve seal 82 is located between the orifice and thethird portion 90 of the valve stem 62 to prevent product and/orpropellant from freely flowing from the container and through theorifice. The portion of the valve seal 82 positioned between the orificeand the third portion prevents product and/or propellant from flowing tothe orifice prior to the valve stem being moved to a dispensingconfiguration. When the valve stem is in a sealing configuration, thevalve seal 82 prevents product and/or propellant from accessing theorifice and contains the product and/or propellant within the container.A second portion of the valve seal 82 may be located between the orificeand the first portion 86 of the valve stem to prevent product and/orpropellant from freely flowing through the inner passageway 74 and outthe first passageway opening 76 as product and/or propellant flowthrough the orifice.

The valve stem 62 may include a third portion 90, opposite the firstportion 86. The third portion 90 of the valve stem 62 may include aretaining member 110. The retaining member 110 may be joined to thethird portion 90 of the valve stem 62 or the retaining member 110 may beformed with the remainder of the valve stem 62. The retaining member 110may be formed from the same material as the other portions of the valvestem 62 or with a different material. For example, the retaining member110 may be formed, at least in part, with a first material and theremainder of the valve stem 62 may be formed with one or more othermaterials that are different from the first material. The first materialmay have a melting point or a glass transition temperature (tg) that islower than the one or more other materials to allow at least the portionof the retaining member including the first material to melt, soften,deflect, or deform at a given temperature that is relatively lower thanthe remainder of the valve stem 62.

At least a portion of the retaining member 110 may extend outward, suchas radially outward, beyond the outer stem surface 92 and may beconfigured to engage a portion of the valve body 54 and/or the valveseal 82. The retaining member may be axisymmetric or non-axisymmetric.The retaining member 110 may work in cooperation with the resilientmember 58 to position the valve stem 62 in a sealing configuration. Theretaining member 110 may be any shape such that a portion of theretaining member 110 may operatively engage at least one of a portion ofthe valve body 54 and the valve seal 82. The shape of the retainingmember 110 may be such that the retaining member 110 maintains theposition of the valve stem 62 during safe operating conditions and aidsin safely moving the valve stem to vent the container during adverseoperating conditions, such as relatively elevated temperatures and/orover pressurization of the aerosol dispenser.

The product delivery device 56 may be positioned between the valveassembly 52 and the container 32. The product delivery device 56 and thevalve assembly 52 may be disposed, at least in part, in the neck of thecontainer 32. For example, such as illustrated in FIGS. 4A and 4B, thedip tube and the dip tube adapter 64 may be disposed in the containersuch that the dip tube 26 extends into the container and the dip tubeadaptor 64 is joined to the neck 40 of the container 32. The valveassembly 52 may be disposed on a portion of the dip tube adaptor and aportion of the neck 40. The dip tube adaptor and the valve assembly arein fluid communication. Similarly, the bag 24 may be disposed in thecontainer such that a portion of the bag 24 is joined to the neck 40 ofthe container 32 and a portion of the bag 24 extends into the container32. The valve assembly 52 may be disposed on a portion of the bag 24 anda portion of the neck 40. The bag and the valve assembly are in fluidcommunication.

Referring to FIGS. 5A-5D, the valve assembly 52 may include a valve body54. The valve body 54 includes an outer surface 72 and an innerpassageway 74 extending about a longitudinal axis 70. As previouslydiscussed, the inner passageway 74 includes a first passageway opening76, a second passageway opening 78, and a passageway surface 80extending from the first passageway opening 76 to the second passagewayopening 78. The valve body 54 may include a first valve body surface 96and a second valve body surface 98 opposite the first valve body surface96. The valve body surfaces may extend from the outer surface 72 of thevalve body to the inner passageway 74. The valve body surfaces may haveany geometry such that the valve body may be joined to the container andan adequate seal may be maintained. As illustrated in FIG. 5A-5D, thesurface may include a step portion, also referred to herein as atransition portion, such that the first surface is not continuouslyplanar from the outer surface to the inner passageway.

With reference to FIG. 5A, the valve body 54 may include a first hoopmember 140 and a second hoop member 142. The first hoop member mayextend about the longitudinal axis. The first hoop member may include afirst hoop outer portion 144 positioned adjacent the inner neck portion,a first hoop inner portion 146 opposite to the first hoop outer portion144, a first hoop upper surface 148, and a first hoop lower surface 150opposite to the first hoop upper surface. The valve body 54 may includea second hoop member 142 including a second hoop outer portion 152, asecond hoop inner portion 154, a second hoop upper surface 156, and asecond hoop lower surface 158. The second hoop inner portion 154 extendsabout the longitudinal axis 70. A portion of the second hoop member 142defines the inner passageway 74.

The first hoop member 140 may be joined to the second hoop member 142. Aportion of the second hoop upper surface 156 may be joined to a portionof the first hoop lower surface 150. The first hoop member 140 may bejoined to the second hoop member 142 such that a transition portion 160,also referred to herein as a step portion, is formed between the firsthoop member and the second hoop member. The transition portion 160 maybe positioned between the first hoop upper surface and the second hoopupper surface.

The valve body 54 may include a valve body cavity 100, such asillustrated in FIGS. 5A and 5B. The valve body cavity 100 is a cavitydefined by a portion of the valve body 54 and may be positioned betweenthe inner passageway 80 and the outer surface 72. The valve body cavity100 may be positioned adjacent to the inner passageway 80 so that aportion of the valve seal 82 may extend from the inner passageway 80 andinto the valve body cavity 100. The valve body cavity 100 may extend,either partially or wholly, about the longitudinal axis 70. The valvebody cavity 100 may extend from the second valve body surface 98 towardsthe first valve body surface 96. The valve body cavity 100 may extendfrom the inner passageway 80 toward the outer surface 72 of the valvebody 54. The valve body cavity 100 may be any shape such that a portionof the valve seal may be disposed within at least a portion of the valvebody cavity 100.

The second hoop member 142 may include the valve body cavity 100, suchas illustrated in FIG. 5A. The valve body cavity may extend from aportion of the second hoop lower surface 158 toward the second hoopupper surface 148. It is to be appreciated that the valve body cavity100 may extend in a direction substantially perpendicular to a portionof the second hoop lower surface 158 or at an angle to the second hooplower surface 158. The valve body cavity 100 may extend through thesecond hoop member and into a portion of the first hoop member.

It is also to be appreciated that the first hoop member 140 may includethe valve body cavity 100 or a portion thereof.

The valve body cavity 100 may be configured to accept a portion of thevalve seal 82. More specifically, a portion of the valve seal 82 mayextend from the inner passageway 80 about the second passageway opening78 and into at least a portion of the valve body cavity 100. The valveseal 82 includes a valve seal first end portion 105 and a valve sealsecond end portion 106. The valve seal first end portion 105 may bedisposed within the inner passageway 80. The valve seal second endportion 106 may be opposite the valve seal first end portion 105. Atleast a portion of the valve seal second end portion 106 may be disposedwithin the valve body cavity 100. At least a portion of the valve sealsecond end portion 106 may be substantially surrounded by the valve bodycavity 100. The valve body cavity 100 protects the valve seal second endportion 106 from separating from the valve body 54 under intendedoperating conditions. The valve body cavity 100 prevents propellantand/or product from coming into contact with the valve seal second endportion 106 and thereby separating the valve seal from the valve bodyand allowing product and/or propellant to be released from the containerunintentionally.

As previously discussed, the valve assembly 52 may include a valve seal82. The valve seal 82 may be molded into position and attached, such asthrough the adhesive-like properties of the material of the valve seal82, to at least a portion of the passageway surface 80, or the valveseal 82 may be separately manufactured and subsequently inserted suchthat it is joined to at least a portion of the passageway surface 80and/or about the second passageway opening 78. The separatelymanufactured valve seal 82 may be joined to a portion of the valve body54. The valve seal 82 may be joined to the passageway surface 80. Thevalve seal 82 may be made from any material that provides a seal betweenthe valve seal 82 and the valve stem 62. The valve seal 82 may be madefrom one or more materials including thermoplastic elastomers (TPE),silicone, rubber, or polymers, which may be foamed. For increasedsustainability, the valve seal 82 may be made from a material such thatwhen the aerosol dispenser is processed for recycling, the valve seal 82separates from the passageway surface 80.

The valve seal 82 includes a first seal surface 102 and a second sealsurface 104, which is opposite the first seal surface 102. The firstseal surface 102 abuts at least one of a portion of the passagewaysurface 80 and the second passageway opening 78. The first seal surface102 may be joined to at least one of a portion of the passageway surface80 and the second passageway opening 78. At least a portion of thesecond seal surface may be in facing relationship with the valve stem 62and a portion of the second seal surface 104 may operatively engage aportion of the valve stem 62 to form a seal therewith. The valve stem 62extends through the inner passageway 80 and includes an outer stemsurface 92 and an inner stem surface 94. A portion of the second sealsurface 104 operatively engages a portion of the outer stem surface 94.The valve stem 62 includes one or more orifices 108 that extend from theouter stem surface 94 to the inner stem surface 94 and are in fluidcommunication with the channel 95. The one or more orifices allowproduct and/or propellant to be dispensed from, or filled into, thecontainer. These orifices 108 need to remain sealed when the valve stem62 is in a sealing configuration. The valve seal 82 operatively engagesthe valve stem 62 to form a seal that prevents propellant and/or productfrom accessing the orifice when the valve stem 62 is in a sealingconfiguration. The valve seal 82 is configured to remain in a stationaryposition as the valve stem is moved from the sealing configuration tothe dispensing configuration and from the dispensing configuration to afilling configuration. The movement of the valve stem with respect tothe valve seal allows controlled dispensing and/or filling of productand/or propellant through the one or more orifices of the valve stem.

The valve seal 82 may be shaped such that a portion of the valve seal 82engages the outer surface of the valve stem between the orifice and theinterior of the container, which prevents propellant and/or product fromaccessing the orifice in the sealing configuration. The valve seal 82may also be shaped such that a portion of the valve seal 82 engages theouter surface of the valve stem between the orifice and the firstpassageway opening 76 such that product and/or propellent flow throughthe orifice but do not flow through the first passageway opening 76 andinto unintended portions of the valve assembly when the valve stem is ina dispensing configuration. Further, it is to be appreciated that thevalve seal may be shaped, such as by varying the thickness, so that oneor more gaps are present between the second seal surface 104 and theouter surface of the valve stem. The gaps allow for one way to controlthe amount of fiction between the valve seal and the valve stem. Byreducing the contact area between the second surface of the valve sealand the outer surface of the valve stem, friction may also be reduced.It is to be appreciated that reducing contact area is one way to controlfriction, but friction may also be controlled by other means, such asmaterial selection and the use of lubricants.

The various shapes of the valve seal may also aid in safely ventingproduct and/or propellant at relatively elevated temperatures andpressures. For example, during a situation where the dispenserexperiences relatively high temperatures such that propellant and/orproduct needs to be safely vented, the valve seal may separate from thevalve stem to allow controlled release of product and/or propellant. Thetime and extent to which the valve stem and the valve seal separate maybe changed based on the shape and material properties of the valve seal.The valve seal may have various thicknesses such that portions of thevalve seal do not contact the valve stem, forming a gap, and otherportions of the valve seal may have varying amounts of contact with thevalve stem such that certain potions will separate more easily from thevalve stem.

As illustrated in FIG. 5A, the valve seal 82 is positioned between thevalve body 54 and the valve stem 62. The valve seal 82 includes a firstseal surface 102 that abuts a portion of the valve body 54 and a secondseal surface 104 in facing relationship with at least a portion of thevalve stem 62. The valve seal 82 extends from the first passagewayopening 76 about the second passageway opening 78 and into the valvebody cavity 100. More specifically, the first valve seal end portion 105is disposed adjacent to the first passageway opening 76 and the secondvalve seal end portion 106 is substantially surrounded by the valve bodycavity 100. The second seal surface 104 of the valve seal 82 operativelyengages the outer surface of the valve stem such that the one or moreorifices are sealed from the product and/or propellant when the valvestem is in a sealing configuration. The valve seal 82 may have aconstant thickness from the valve seal first end portion 105 to thevalve seal second end portion 106 or a varying thickness from the firstvalve seal end portion 105 to the second valve seal end portion 106.

As illustrated in FIG. 5B, the valve seal 82 is positioned between thevalve body 54 and the valve stem 62. The first seal surface 102 abuts aportion of the valve body 54 and the second seal surface 104 is infacing relationship with at least a portion of the valve stem 62. Thevalve seal 82 has a variable thickness. The valve seal 82 extends aboutthe first passageway opening 76 such that a portion of the valve sealfirst end portion 105 extends above the first passageway opening 76 andthe valve seal second end portion 106 extends about the secondpassageway opening 78 and at least a portion is disposed in the valvebody cavity 100. The portion of the valve seal first end portion 105that extends about the first passageway opening 76 may aid inmaintaining the position of the valve seal 82 to the valve body 54. Theportion of the valve seal first end portion 105 that extends above thefirst passageway opening 76 may be configured to operatively engage aportion of the resilient member 58.

As illustrated in FIG. 5C, the valve seal 82 is positioned between thevalve body 54 and the valve stem 62. The first seal surface 102 abuts aportion of the valve body 54 and the second seal surface 104 is infacing relationship with at least a portion of the valve stem 62. Thevalve seal 82 may have a variable or constant thickness. The valve sealfirst end portion 105 may be disposed between the first passagewayopening 76 and the second passageway opening 78. A gap may be presentbetween the first passageway opening 76 and the valve seal first endportion 105. By having the valve seal first end portion 105 extendthrough only a portion of the first passageway surface, the contactfriction between the valve seal and the valve stem is reduced. Thereduced friction may allow for reducing the amount of force needed tomove the valve stem from a sealing configuration to a dispensingconfiguration. The valve seal second end portion 106 extends about thesecond passageway opening 78 and at least a portion may be disposed inthe valve body cavity 100.

As illustrated in FIG. 5D, the valve seal 82 is positioned between thevalve body 54 and the valve stem 62. The first seal surface 102 abuts aportion of the valve body 54 and the second seal surface 104 is infacing relationship with at least a portion of the valve stem 62. Thevalve seal 82 may extend from the first passageway opening 76 or fromsome portion of the inner passageway 74 and the valve seal second endportion 106 extends about the second passageway opening 78 and at leasta portion is disposed in the valve body cavity 100. The valve seal 82has a variable thickness. The valve seal 82 may have variable thicknesswithin a portion of the valve seal. For instance, the valve seal firstend portion 105 may have an upper portion having a first thickness and alower portion having a second thickness. The first thickness may begreater than or less than the second thickness. Similarly, any portionof the valve seal may have varying thickness. The change in thicknessmay result in one or more valve gaps 99 formed between the valve seal 82and the valve stem 62. As previously discussed, the change in thicknessof the valve seal, may allow for greater control of the force requiredto move the valve stem by reducing the amount of friction between thevalve seal and valve stem. The change in thickness may also save onmaterial cost by reducing the amount of material needed to form anadequate seal.

As illustrated in FIG. 5D, the presence of one or more valve gaps 99results in only portions of the second seal surface 102 beingoperatively engaged with the valve stem 62. The valve seal 82 mayinclude a first engagement portion 126, a second engagement portion 128,and a nonengagement portion 130. The nonengagement portion 130 may bepositioned between the first engagement portion 126 and the secondengagement portion 128. The first engagement portion 126 may beconfigured to operatively engage a portion of the outer surface of thevalve stem. The first engagement portion 126 may be positioned betweenthe first portion 86 of the valve stem 62 and the one or more orifices108. The first engagement portion 126 may be positioned between thefirst passageway opening 76 and the one or more orifices 108. The firstengagement portion 126 may be configured to form a seal with the outersurface of the valve stem and prevent propellant and/or product fromflowing into unintended areas of the valve assembly 52. The secondengagement portion 128 may be positioned adjacent to the third portion90 of the valve stem 62. The second engagement portion 128 may bepositioned between the retaining member 110 and the one or more orifices108. The second engagement portion 128 may be positioned adjacent to theone or more orifices 108. The second engagement portion 128 may beconfigured to prevent product and/or propellant disposed in thecontainer from accessing the one or more orifices while the valve stemis in a sealing configuration. The one or more orifices 108 may bepositioned between a first engagement portion 126 and a secondengagement portion 128 to control dispensing of the product and/orpropellant. The nonengagement portion 130 of the valve seal does notcontact the outer surface of the valve stem and/or does not engage theouter surface as to form a seal with the valve stem. A valve gap 99 maybe formed between the nonengagement portion 130 and the outer surface ofthe valve stem. It is to be appreciated that the valve seal may beshaped and, thus, have various thicknesses that results in one or moreengagement portions and one or more nonengagement portions.

As illustrated in FIG. 5D, the valve seal 82 may include one or morevalve seal voids 132. The void may be any one or a slit, slot, notch,which includes concavities. The valve void 132 may extend from thesecond seal surface 104 and extend in a direction toward the first sealsurface 102. The valve seal void 132 may aid in movement of the valveseal 82 to allow for safe venting of product and/or propellant when thedispenser is subject to relatively high temperatures. The valve sealvoid 132 may allow the valve seal to separate from the valve stem moreeasily to allow for safe venting. The valve seal void 132 may be anyshape or size that allows for a seal to be maintained under normal useconditions and for the seal to be broken and to safely vent productand/or propellant under excessive use conditions, such as relativelyhigh temperatures. The valve seal voids may allow the valve stem to movemore easily and thus reduce the force needed to move the valve stem.

The valve seal 82 may include a seal protrusion 134. The seal protrusion134 extends from the second seal surface 104 towards the bottom of thecontainer. The seal protrusion 143 may be any shape such that when theretaining member 110 engages the valve seal 82 a greater force isconcentrated at the area of contact between the seal protrusion 134 andthe retaining member 110. It is to be appreciated that a portion of thevalve stem 62 may also or alternatively engage the seal protrusion 134.The seal protrusion 134 aids in forming a relatively stronger sealbetween the valve seal 82 and the retaining member 110 and/or the valvestem 62.

As illustrated in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the valve body 54 may include one ormore members that extend from at least one of the first valve bodysurface 96 and the second valve body surface 98. The valve body 54 mayinclude a first brace member 162. The first brace member 162 may bejoined to the first valve body surface 96 and extend away from the firstvalve body surface 96. The first brace member 162 may extendcontinuously or discontinuously about the inner passageway 74. The firstbrace member 162 may be positioned adjacent to the outer surface 72 ofthe valve body 54. The first brace member 162 may be positioned betweenthe outer surface 72 and the inner passageway 74 of the valve body 54.The first brace member 162 may extend in a direction away from the firstvalve body surface 96. The first brace member 162 may extend such thatthe outer most portion of the first brace member 162 extends above atleast a portion of the resilient member 58. The first brace member 162has a first brace member height H1 measured from the first valve bodysurface 96 to the outer most portion of the first brace member 162. Thefirst brace member height H1 may be less than about 25 mm. The firstbrace member height H1 may be from about 0.1 mm to about 25 mm, or fromabout 1 mm to about 20 mm, or from about 5 mm to about 15 mm, or fromabout 5 mm to about 10 mm. The first brace member 162 may be used toprotect at least a portion of the valve stem 62. The first brace memberheight H1 may be such that the first brace member 162 extends above oris at the same height as the top of the valve stem. The first bracemember 162 may provide stability to the valve body 54 when subject tooverpressurization and/or relatively high temperatures. An actuator orother dispensing component may be joined to a portion of the first bracemember 162.

The valve body 54 may include a second brace member 164. The secondbrace member 164 may be joined to the first valve body surface 96 andextend away from the first valve body surface 96. The second bracemember 164 may be positioned between the outer surface 72 and the innerpassageway 74 of the valve body 54. The second brace member 164 mayextend continuously or discontinuously about the inner passageway 74.The second brace member 164 may be positioned between the first bracemember 162 and the inner passageway 74 of the valve body 54. The secondbrace member 164 may extend in a direction away from the first valvebody surface 96 such that the outer most portion of the second bracemember 164 extends above a portion of the resilient member 58. Thesecond brace member 164 has a second brace member height H2 measuredfrom the first valve body surface 96 to the outer most portion of thesecond brace member 164. The second brace member height H2 may be lessthan about 25 mm. The second brace member height H2 may be from about0.1 mm to about 25 mm, or from about 1 mm to about 20 mm, or from about5 mm to about 15 mm, or from about 5 mm to about 10 mm. The second bracemember height H2 may be greater than, less than, or equal to the firstbrace member height H1. The second brace member 164 may be used toprotect at least a portion of the valve stem 62. The second brace memberheight H2 may be such that the second brace member 164 extends above oris at the same height as the top of the valve stem. The second bracemember 164 may provide stability to the valve body 54 when subject tooverpressurization and/or relatively high temperatures. An actuator orother dispensing component may be joined to a portion of the secondbrace member 164.

The second brace member 164 may function to aid in guiding theengagement member 68 and/or the resilient member 58 as the valve stem 62moves between the sealing configuration, the dispensing configuration,and the filling configuration. The second brace member 164 maysubstantially surround the engagement member 68 and/or the resilientmember 58 such that the engagement member 68 may slidably move and theresilient member 58 may move, such as by deflecting or compressing. Agap may be present between the second brace member 164 and theengagement member 68. The engagement member 68 may slidably engage aportion of the brace member 164. For example, the engagement member maycomprise a protrusion that slidably engages a ridge within the interiorportion of the second brace member to prevent the engagement member fromrotating.

The valve body 54 may include one or more ribs. A rib 166 may extendbetween the first brace member 162 and the second brace member 164. Therib 166 may be joined to at least one of the first brace member 162 andthe second brace member 164. As illustrated in FIG. 6A, the rib may bejoined to both of a portion of the first brace member 162 and a portionof the second brace member 164. The rib may extend radially between thefirst brace member 162 and the second brace member 164. The rib 166 maybe joined to the first valve body surface 96. The rib 166 may not bejoined to the first valve body surface 96 and, thus, a gap may bepresent between the first valve body surface 96 and the rib 166. The oneor more ribs 166 may aid in manufacturing the aerosol dispenser. Forexample, the one or more ribs 166 may be used to grip the valve body 54such that the valve body 54 may be moved and/or attached to thecontainer. The one or more ribs 166 may be operatively engaged byprocessing equipment during the manufacture of the aerosol dispenser.The one or more ribs 166 may allow for welding, such as by spinning, thevalve body 54 to the container. The one or more ribs 166 may alsoprovide structural stability to the valve body 54. The one or more ribs166 may aid in controlling the deformation of the valve body 54 when theaerosol dispenser is subject to relatively high temperatures, forexample.

As previously discussed, the valve body 54 may include a first hoopmember 140. Each of the first brace member 162, the second brace member164, and the rib 166 may extend from the first hoop member 140. Each ofthe first brace member 162, the second brace member 164, and the rib 166may extend from of the first hoop upper surface 148. The first bracemember 162 and the second brace member 164 may be joined to the firsthoop upper surface 148. The rib 166 may be joined to the first hoopupper surface 148 or a gap may be formed between the first hoop uppersurface 148 and the rib 166.

It is to be appreciated that the valve body 54 may include a single hoopmember.

As illustrated in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the valve body 54 may include one ormore protrusions that extend from at least one of the first valve bodysurface 96 and the second valve body surface 98. The valve body 54 mayinclude a first attachment protrusion 168. The first attachmentprotrusion 168 may be joined to the second valve body surface 98 andextend away from the second valve body surface 98. The first attachmentprotrusion 168 may extend continuously or discontinuously about theinner passageway 74. The first attachment protrusion 168 may extendcontinuously or discontinuously about the longitudinal axis 70. Thefirst attachment protrusion 168 may extend from the outer surface 72 ofthe valve body 54 towards the inner passageway 74. The first attachmentprotrusion may be positioned between the outer surface 72 and the innerpassageway 74 of the valve body 54 or the longitudinal axis 70. Thefirst attachment protrusion 168 has a first attachment protrusion heightH3 measured from the second valve body surface 98 to the outer mostportion of the first attachment protrusion 168. The first attachmentprotrusion height H3 may be from about 0.1 mm to about 10 mm, or fromabout 0.5 mm to about 8 mm, or from about 1 mm to about 6 mm, or fromabout 1 mm to about 3 mm. The first attachment protrusion 168 mayinclude a width measured perpendicular to the longitudinal axis that maybe less than the width of the first hoop member. The width of the firstattachment protrusion 168 may be from about 0.5 mm to about 6 mm or fromabout 1 mm to about 4 mm or from about 1 mm to about 3 mm. The firstattachment protrusion 168 may be configured to be join the valve body toa portion of the neck of the container. The first attachment protrusion168 may be welded to a portion of the neck of the container. It is to beappreciated that first attachment protrusion may be joined to the necksuch as by a press fit, interference fit, crimping, solvent welding,laser welding, sonic welding, ultrasonic welding, spin welding,adhesive, or any combination thereof. The height and width of the firstattachment protrusion 168 may be selected to obtain a desired weldbetween the valve body and the container. Generally, the greater thesurface area the greater the strength of the weld. The first attachmentprotrusion 168 may include one or more grooves or other surface profilesuch that gas may pass between a portion of the first attachmentprotrusion 168 and the neck prior to the valve body being sealed to thecontainer.

As illustrated in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the valve body 54 may include asecond attachment protrusion 170. The second attachment protrusion 170may be joined to the second valve body surface 98 and extend away fromthe second valve body surface 98. The second attachment protrusion 170may extend continuously or discontinuously about the inner passageway74. The second attachment protrusion 170 may extend continuously ordiscontinuously about the longitudinal axis 70. The second attachmentprotrusion 170 may extend from the outer surface 72 of the valve body 54towards the inner passageway 74. The second attachment protrusion 170may be positioned between the outer surface 72 and the inner passageway74 of the valve body 54 or the longitudinal axis 70. The secondattachment protrusion 170 may be positioned between the first attachmentprotrusion 168 and the inner passageway 74 of the valve body 54 or thelongitudinal axis 70. The second attachment protrusion 170 has a secondattachment protrusion height H4 measured from the second valve bodysurface 98 to the outer most portion of the second attachment protrusion170. The second attachment protrusion height H4 may be from about 0.1 mmto about 10 mm, or from about 0.5 mm to about 8 mm, or from about 1 mmto about 5 mm or from about 1 mm to about 3 mm. The second attachmentprotrusion height H4 may be greater than, less than, or equal to thefirst attachment protrusion height H3. The difference in height of thefirst attachment protrusion and the second attachment protrusion mayallow for the valve body to be supported by the second attachmentprotrusion, which engages a portion of the neck of the container, whilegas is passed between the neck of the container and the first attachmentprotrusion. The second attachment protrusion may form a temporary sealwith a portion of the neck of the container or the product deliverydevice to control the flow of gas into the container. The secondattachment protrusion width may be from about 0.1 mm to about 5 mm, orfrom about 0.5 mm to about 3 mm, or from about 1 mm to about 1.5 mm. Thesecond attachment protrusion 170 may be configured to join the valveassembly to a portion of the neck of the container or a portion of theproduct delivery device 56. The second attachment protrusion 170 may bewelded to a portion of the neck of the container or a portion of theproduct delivery device 56, such as a bag, dip tube, or dip tubeadaptor. It is to be appreciated that second attachment protrusion maybe joined to the neck such as by a press fit, interference fit,crimping, solvent welding, laser welding, sonic welding, ultrasonicwelding, spin welding, adhesive, or any combination thereof.

The first attachment protrusion 168 and the second attachment protrusion170 may be spaced from one another such that a gap is present betweenthem. This gap may allow for control of material when the firstattachment protrusion 168 and the second attachment protrusion 170 arejoined to the neck of the container. For example, when the valve body 54is welded, such as by spin welding, the material of the first attachmentprotrusion 168 and the second attachment protrusion becomes semi-fluidand may flow and generate flash. Flash is the excess material that flowsoutside of the region of the attachment area. Similarly, when the valvebody is joined by an adhesive, the adhesive may overflow also generatingflash. The gaps control the flow of flash. The flash moves into the gapsand prevent the flash from interfering with the valve body 54 and/or thecontainer.

The valve body 54 may include a valve skirt 172. The valve skirt 172 maybe joined to the second valve body surface 98 and extend away from thesecond valve body surface 98. The valve skirt 172 may extendcontinuously or discontinuously about the inner passageway 74. The valveskirt 172 may extend continuously or discontinuously about thelongitudinal axis 70. The valve skirt 172 may be positioned between theouter surface 72 and the inner passageway 74 of the valve body 54 or thelongitudinal axis 70. The valve skirt 172 may be positioned between thefirst attachment protrusion 168 and the inner passageway 74 of the valvebody 54 or the longitudinal axis 70. The valve skirt 172 may bepositioned between the second attachment protrusion 170 and the innerpassageway 74 of the valve body 54 or the longitudinal axis 70. Thevalve skirt 172 may extend from at least one of the first hoop member140 and the second hoop member 142. As illustrated in FIGS. 6A and 6B,the valve skirt 172 may extend from the second hoop lower surface 150towards the bottom of the container. The valve skirt may be used toprevent material from interfering with the movement and operation of thevalve assembly. The valve skirt may be used to prevent flash from mixingwith the product and/or propellant. The valve skirt, for example, mayprevent flash generated during the welding process from interfering withthe movement and operation of the valve stem and the dispensing and/orfilling of product and/or propellant. The valve skirt may control theflash such that the flash is contained in the area between the valveskirt and the outer surface of the valve body. It is to be appreciatedthat the valve skirt may or may not be present, and this may bedependent on the type and geometry of the product delivery device 56.The valve skirt 172 has a valve skirt height H5 measured from the secondvalve body surface 98 to the outer most portion of the valve skirt 172.The valve skirt height H5 may be from about 0.1 mm to about 15 mm, orfrom about 0.5 mm to about 10 mm, or from about 1 mm to about 5 mm, orfrom about 1 mm to about 3 mm. The valve skirt width may be from about0.1 mm to about 1 mm or from about 0.3 mm to about 0.75 mm or from about0.5 mm to about 0.6 mm. The valve skirt 172 may be configured tooperatively engage a portion of the dip tube adaptor and/or bag.

As previously discussed, the valve stem 62 extends through the innerpassageway 74 of the valve body 54. The valve stem 62 is positionedwithin the valve body 54 such that a portion of the valve stem 62extends along the passageway surface 80 and adjacent to and/or throughat least one of the first passageway opening 76 and the secondpassageway opening 78. The valve stem 62 includes an outer stem surface92 and an inner stem surface 94. The inner stem surface 94 defines achannel 95 in fluid communication with a dispensing opening 116 throughwhich product and/or propellant may be introduced into or dispensed fromthe container. The outer stem surface 92 may be configured tooperatively engage at least one of the engagement member 68 and theresilient member 58 such that the resilient member 58 controls themovement of the valve stem 62. The engagement member 68 may include oneor more protrusions to operatively engage a portion of the valve stem62. The outer stem surface 92 may include one or more protrusions and/ornotches to operatively engage the engagement member 68. The engagementmember 68 may substantially surround the valve stem 62 and operativelyengage the valve stem 62 such that moves with the valve stem 62.

As illustrated in FIGS. 6B and 7B, the valve stem 62 may include a firststem portion 86, a second stem portion 88, and a third stem portion 90.The second stem portion 88 may be intermediate the first stem portion 86and the third stem portion 90. The first stem portion 86 may be oppositethe third stem portion 90. The retaining member 110 may be joined to aportion of the third stem portion 90. The retaining member 110 mayextend outward from the outer stem surface 92. The retaining member 110may be manufactured with the valve stem 62 such that it is a unitarymember or the retaining member 110 may be attached to the valve stem 62.The valve stem 62 may be entirely constructed as a single piece or maybe constructed from multiple parts; the multiple parts may or may notcorrespond to the first, second and third portions of the valve stem asdelineated herein. The retaining member 110 extends outwardly from thelongitudinal axis 70 to a distance that allows the retaining member 110to form a seal with the valve seal 82. The retaining member 110 engagesa portion of the valve seal 82 when the valve stem 62 is in a sealingconfiguration to prevent propellant and/or product from being releasedthrough the valve stem 62. The retaining member 110 may be any shapethat allows the retaining member to form a seal with a portion of thevalve seal. For example, the retaining member 110 may be substantiallycircular, rectangular, square, or an irregular shape. The retainingmember 110 may be axisymmetric or non-axisymmetric.

The retaining member 110 may be used to form a seal with the valve sealand to prevent the valve stem 62 from being unsafely disjoined from theaerosol container. For example, if the aerosol container is subject torelatively high temperatures, the pressure of the aerosol may becomerelatively high resulting in a need to safely relieve some or all of thepressure. The retaining member may be shaped such that as the aerosolcontainer is subject to relatively high temperatures, the seal betweenthe retaining member and the valve seal is broken and product and/orpropellant may be released while the valve stem is held within thecontainer by the retaining member 110.

The retaining member 110 may be a substantially solid and substantiallyuniform member, such as illustrated in FIG. 6B. The retaining member 110may include a first retaining member surface 182 and a second retainingmember surface 184. The first retaining member surface 182 may have asubstantially planar surface or a non-planar surface. The secondretaining member surface 184 may have a substantially planar surface ora non-planar surface. Each of the first retaining member surface 182 andthe second retaining member surface 184 may be shaped so as to affectthe operative engagement of the valve seal 82 and/or the valve body 54.For example, the first retaining member surface 184 may be shaped suchthat the pressure between the first retaining member surface 184 and thevalve seal 82 is concentrated over one or more desired areas.

The retaining member 110 may including one or more voids 174, such asillustrated in FIGS. 7A, 7B, 8A-8C, 9A, 9B, 10A, and 10B. The one ormore voids 174 may allow for control of the flow of propellant/productand for controlled deformation of the retaining member 110 when theaerosol dispenser is subject to relatively high temperatures. Forexample, when the retaining member, or any portion of the aerosoldispenser, is in a deformed state, product and/or propellant may escapefrom the container through the voids 174 while the valve stem 62 isretained essentially in place by the retaining member. The one or morevoids 174 may include at least one of a slot 176, a notch 178, and anaperture 180. As illustrated in FIGS. 7A, 7B, and 8A, the retainingmember 110 includes one or more apertures 180. The one or more apertures180 extend from a first retaining member surface 182 to a secondretaining member surface 184. The one or more apertures 180 allow forpropellant and/or product to flow therethrough. The one or moreapertures 180 may be any shape such that propellant and/or product maypass through the aperture. For example, the one or more apertures may besubstantially circular, ellipse, rectangular, square, hexagonal,triangular, or some irregular shape.

As illustrated in FIGS. 8B and 8C, the retaining member 110 may includeone or more slots 176 that extend from a retaining member perimeter 181toward the valve stem 62. The one or more slots 176 may be any shapesuch that propellant and/or product may pass through the aperture. Forexample, the one or more apertures may be substantially circular,ellipse, rectangular, square, hexagonal, triangular, or some irregularshape.

As illustrated in FIGS. 9A, 9B, 10A, and 10B, the retaining member 110may include one or more notches 178. Each of the one or more notches 178may extend from the first retaining member surface 182 towards thesecond retaining member surface 184 or from the second retaining membersurface 184 towards the first retaining member surface 182. The one ormore notches 178 may extend from a retaining member perimeter 181 towardthe valve stem 62. The one or more notches 178 may be located within theretaining member perimeter 181. The one or more notches 178 may be anyshape such that the one or more notches allow for the deformation of theretaining member to be controlled and/or prevent the valve stem frombeing expelled from the valve body at elevated temperatures andpressures. For example, the one or more notches may be substantiallycircular, ellipse, rectangular, square, hexagonal, triangular, or someirregular shape. As previously stated, the one or more notches 178 mayaid in controlling the deformation of the retaining member 110. FIG. 10Billustrates an example of a notch 178 extending along the secondretaining member surface 184 and the deformation direction, indicated byarrow A, of a portion of the retaining member 110. The retaining member110 may deform such that the retaining member 110 separates from thevalve seal by moving in a direction, arrow A, towards the bottom of thecontainer. The separation and movement of the bottom retaining member110 allows for product and/or propellant to be released from thecontainer and for the valve stem to be retained within the valve body.

The valve assembly 52 may include a resilient member 58. The resilientmember 58 may be disposed on at least a portion of the valve body 54.The resilient member 58 may be disposed on at least a portion of thefirst valve body surface 96, such as illustrated in FIGS. 5A-5D, 6A, 7A,11, and 12. The resilient member 58 may include a first resilient membersurface 190 and a second resilient member surface 192. The resilientmember 58 may be positioned between the engagement member 68 and thefirst valve body surface 96. The second engagement member surface 188may operatively engage at least a portion of the first resilient membersurface 190 and the second resilient member surface 192 may be disposedon at least a portion of the first valve body surface 96. The secondengagement member surface 188 may extend over the first resilient membersurface 190 such that the engagement member 68 compresses the resilientmember 58 as the valve stem 62 moves between the sealing, dispensing,and/or filling configurations.

The resilient member 58 may be disposed within the valve body 54 suchthat the resilient member does not extend beyond the valve body 54. Theresilient member 58 may be disposed within the valve body 54 such that aportion of the resilient member 58 extends above the valve body 54, suchas illustrated in FIG. 11. The extension of the resilient member 58 maybe based on the height of the resilient member. The resilient member 58may have a resilient member height RH. The resilient member height RHmay be from about 3 mm to about 15 mm, or from about 4 mm to about 8 mm,or from about 5 mm to about 7 mm, or about 6 mm. The resilient memberheight RH is measured parallel to the longitudinal axis 70. Theresilient member height RH may be greater than or less than thedispensing distance DD, which is the distance the valve stem 62 moves inthe direction toward the bottom of the container from the sealingconfiguration to the dispensing configuration. The dispensing distanceDD is the distance the valve stem 62 travels to allow product and/orpropellent to enter the orifice 108. As illustrated in FIG. 11, thedispensing distance DD is the distance measured parallel to thelongitudinal axis 70 from the orifice 108 to the first retaining membersurface 182. The dispensing distance may be less than about 50% of theresilient member height RH, or less than about 30% of the resilientmember height RH, or less than about 25% of the resilient member height.

It is to be appreciated that for those aerosol dispensers that have anorifice for dispensing and an orifice for filling, the resilient memberheight RH may need to account for this additional filling orifice. Thus,the resilient member height RH is greater than the filling distance FD,which is the distance the valve stem 62 moves in direction toward thebottom of the container from the sealing configuration to the fillingconfiguration. The filling distance FD is the distance the valve stem 62travels to allows product and/or propellent to enter the orifice 108that is used for filling the container. As illustrated in FIG. 11, thefilling distance FD is the distance measured parallel to thelongitudinal axis 70 from the orifice 108 to the first retaining membersurface 182. The filling distance may be greater than about 50% of theresilient member height RH or greater than about 70% of the resilientmember height RH.

The resilient member 58 may also be placed under a preload such that thevalve stem 62 has a certain amount for force biasing the valve stem 62in a direction toward the valve body to aid in maintaining a sealbetween the valve seal 82 and the valve stem 62. Thus, the resilientmember height RH may also account for the preload of the valve stem 62.Further, the material properties of the resilient member 58 may requireadditional height be added to the resilient member 58 to attain aconsumer acceptable return of the valve stem from the dispensingconfiguration to the sealing configuration and to prevent the consumerfrom moving the valve stem 62 to the filling configuration, which mayresult in an unacceptable amount of product being dispensed from theaerosol dispenser.

The resilient member 58 may have an unloaded resilient member height,which is the height of the resilient member measured from the firstresilient member surface to the second resilient member surface withoutany force acting on the resilient member. The resilient member 58 mayhave a preload resilient member thickness, which is the height of theresilient member measured from the first resilient member surface to thesecond resilient member surface with a preload force. The preload forcemay be supplied by the engagement member. The unloaded resilient memberheight is greater than or equal to the preload resilient member height.The resilient member 58 may have a loaded resilient member height, whichis the height of the resilient member measured from the first resilientmember surface to the second resilient member surface with a loadingforce greater than the preload force applied to the resilient member.The loading force may be supplied by a user. The loaded resilient memberheight is less than the unloaded resilient member height and thepreloaded resilient member height. It is to be appreciated that theresilient member may include one or more portions and each of the one ormore portions may have different or the same unloaded heights, preloadedheights, and loaded heights.

It is to be appreciated that if the resilient member is relatively thin,portions of the resilient member may be strained as the valve stem ismoved. The movement of the valve stem may result in thinning of theresilient member. The height of the resilient member may vary.

The resilient member 58 may substantially surround the valve stem 62 andmay be any shape that fits with the valve body 54 and delivers theappropriate control of the valve stem 62 while in a sealing, dispensing,and filling configuration. The resilient member 58 may be generally inthe shape of a circle, square, rectangle, ellipse, trapezoid,parallelogram, triangle, gear, or any other shape that fits with thevalve body and delivers the desired control over the movement of thevalve stem. For example, such as illustrated in FIGS. 11 and 13A, theresilient member may be a circular shape and a hexagonal shape,respectively. It is to be appreciated that the shape of the interiorsurface of the resilient member 58 may be different than the shape ofthe exterior surface of the resilient member 58. For example, theexterior surface of the resilient member may be gear shaped and theinterior of the resilient member may be substantially circular, such asillustrated in FIG. 13C.

The resilient member 58 may have a resilient member thickness RT. Theresilient member thickness RT may be the distance measured perpendicularto the longitudinal axis and between the resilient member outer surface200 and the resilient member inner surface 202. The resilient memberthickness RT may be uniform or non-uniform about the longitudinal axis70. The resilient member thickness may vary along the height of theresilient member. The resilient member thickness may vary in a directionparallel to the longitudinal axis 70. The resilient member thickness RTmay be from about 0.5 mm to about 10 mm, or from about 2 mm to about 8mm, or from about 3 mm to about 6 mm, or from about 3 mm to about 4 mm.The resilient member thickness RT may be greater than about 0.5 mm orgreater than about 1 mm or greater than about 2 mm or greater than about4 mm or greater than about 6 mm or greater than about 8 mm or greaterthan about 10 mm.

The resilient member 58 may have a cross-section extending in the planethat includes the longitudinal axis and the axis substantially parallelto and coincident with the resilient member thickness RT. The resilientmember 58 has a cross-sectional shape. The cross-sectional shape of theresilient member 58 may be substantially circular, rectangular,elliptical, triangular, square, or trapezoidal. The resilient member 58may have an aspect ratio of the cross-section of from about 0.5 to about2. The aspect ratio is the ratio of the resilient member thickness tothe resilient member height.

The resilient member 58 may be sized such that the resilient member 58may be disposed between the valve stem 62 and the first attachmentprotrusion 168. The resilient member 58 may be sized such that theresilient member 58 may be disposed between the valve stem 62 and thesecond attachment protrusion 168.

As illustrated in FIGS. 11 and 13B, the resilient member 58 may besubstantially annular. As such, the resilient member 58 may include aninner diameter IDR and an outer diameter ODR. The valve stem 62 may havean outer diameter ODS measured from the outer stem surface 92. The innerdiameter IDR of the resilient member 58 may be greater than the outerdiameter ODS of the valve stem 62 to allow for movement of the valvestem through the resilient member. The resilient member inner diameterIDR may be from about 5% to about 50% greater than the valve stem outerdiameter ODS. The inner diameter IDR may be from about 4 mm to about 6mm and/or from about 4 mm to about 7 mm. The outer diameter ODR may befrom about 10 mm to about 15 mm. The outer diameter ODR of the resilientmember 58 may be less than the outer dimeter of the valve body measuredto the outer surface 72 of the valve body such that the resilient memberfits within the valve body 54. A gap may be present between the outersurface 200 of the resilient member and any portion of the valve body54, such as the first brace member 162 or the second brace member 164.The gap allows for outward expansion of the resilient member 58 duringcompression of the resilient member 58. The amount of outward expansion,if any, of the resilient member 58 may be based, in part, on thegeometry and material properties of the resilient member 58.

The resilient member 58 may be partially supported or fully supported bya portion of the valve body 54. The resilient member 58 may be supportedsuch that about 2% or about 5% or about 10% or about 25% or about 40% orabout 50% or about 65% or about 80% or about 100% of the secondresilient member surface 192 is supported by a portion of the valve body54 in the sealing configuration. The resilient member 58 may besupported such that at least about 10% or at least about 25% or at leastabout 50% or at least about 80% of the second resilient member surface192 is supported by a portion of the valve body 54 in the sealingconfiguration. As illustrated in FIG. 11, the second resilient membersurface 192 is fully supported by the first valve body surface 96. Thefirst valve body surface 96 extends under the entire second resilientmember surface 192. The second resilient member surface 192 may be fullysupported by the first hoop member 140 or the second hoop member 142. Asillustrated in FIG. 11, the first hoop upper surface 148 fully supportsthe second resilient member surface 192. It is also to be appreciatedthat the second hoop upper surface 156 may partially or fully supportthe second resilient member surface 192.

As illustrated in FIGS. 5A-D, 7A, and 12, the second resilient membersurface 192 may be partially supported by the first valve body surface96. A portion of the second resilient member surface 192 may besupported by the first valve body surface 192. A portion of the secondresilient member surface 192 is disposed on the first valve body surface192 and a portion of the second resilient member surface 192 isunsupported by the first valve body surface 192. A gap 194 may be formedbetween a portion of the first valve body surface 192 and the secondresilient member surface 192, such as illustrated in FIGS. 5A-D, 7A, and12. The size of the gap 194 may depend on the geometry of the valve body54 and the resilient member 58. The gap 194 may be present when thevalve stem 62 is in a sealing configuration and when the valve stem 62is moved to both a dispensing configuration and a filling configuration.The gap 194 may be present when the valve stem 62 is in a sealingconfiguration and when the valve stem 62 is in a dispensingconfiguration but may or may not be present during the fillingconfiguration. When the resilient member 58 is compressed such that theunsupported portion of the second resilient member surface engages andis supported by, at least in part, the first valve body surface 96 thegap 194 may not be present or the area of the gap may be reduced. Thegap 194 may be present when the valve stem 62 is in a sealingconfiguration and the gap 194 may not be present when the valve stem 62is in a dispensing and/or a filling configuration. The compression ofthe resilient member 58 to the dispensing configuration or the fillingconfiguration may result in the unsupported portion of the secondresilient member surface engaging the first valve body surface 192 and,thus, that portion of the resilient member 58 becomes supported by, atleast in part, the first valve body surface 96.

As illustrated in FIGS. 7A and 12, the resilient member 58 may include afirst resilient member portion 196 and a second resilient member portion198. The first resilient member portion 196 may be supported by aportion of the first valve body surface 96. The first resilient memberportion 196 may be supported by a portion of the first hoop member 140.The first resilient member portion 196 may be disposed between the upperportion of the first valve body surface 96 and the second engagementsurface of the engagement member. The first resilient member portion 196may be in contact with the engagement member and a portion of the firstvalve body surface 96. The first resilient member portion 196 may bedisposed between a portion of the first hoop member 140 and the secondengagement surface of the engagement member. The first resilient memberportion 196 may be in contact with the engagement member and a portionof the first hoop member 140.

The second resilient member portion 198 may extend beyond the upperportion of the first valve body surface 96 such that the secondresilient member portion is at least partially unsupported by the upperportion of the first valve body surface 96. The second resilient memberportion 198 may extend over a portion of the lower portion of the firstvalve body surface 96 such that a gap 194 is present between the secondresilient member portion 198 and the lower portion of the first valvebody surface 96. The second resilient member portion 198 may extendbeyond the first hoop member 140 such that the second resilient memberportion is at least partially unsupported by the first hoop member 140.The second resilient member portion 198 may extend over a portion of thesecond hoop member 142 such that a gap 194 is present between the secondresilient member portion 198 and the second hoop member 142. The gap 194may be present when the valve stem 62 is positioned in the sealingconfiguration and the gap 194 may or may not be substantially closed asthe valve stem 62 is positioned in the dispensing configuration or thefilling configuration. In the sealing configuration, a portion of theengagement member may be disposed on the second resilient member portion198 and a gap may be present between the resilient member and the lowerportion of the first valve body surface 96. As the valve stem 62 ismoved, the second resilient member portion 198 may be compressed, movingthe second resilient member portion 198 towards the lower portion of thefirst valve body surface 96. The second resilient member portion 198 maycontact the lower portion of the first valve body surface 96 when thevalve stem is in the dispensing configuration and/or the fillingconfiguration.

The first resilient member portion 196 may have a first resilient memberheight and the second resilient member portion 198 may have a secondresilient member height. The first resilient member height and thesecond resilient member height may be the same or different. The firstresilient member portion 196 may have a first resilient member thicknessand the second resilient member portion 198 may have a second resilientmember thickness. The first resilient member thickness and the secondresilient member thickness may be the same or different. The firstresilient member portion 196 may be made from a first material and thesecond resilient member portion 198 may be made from a second material,and the first material may be the same as or different than the secondmaterial.

It is also to be appreciated that at least one of the first resilientmember surface 190 and the second engagement member surface 188 may beshaped such that a gap is formed between the first resilient membersurface 190 and the second engagement member surface 188. The gap may bepresent when the valve stem 62 is in a sealing configuration and maycontinue to be present or may be absent as the valve stem 62 is moved toa dispensing configuration or a filling configuration.

The resilient member 58 may be a unitary member, such as illustrated inFIG. 11, 12, 14A-14E, or a multi-piece member, such as illustrated inFIGS. 14F-14J. A multi-piece resilient member includes one or moredistinct members that are positioned to form a resilient member 58. Theone or more members may be made from the same material or differentmaterial. The one or more members may be different shapes and sizes orthe same shapes and sizes. The unitary member includes a single memberwith one or more portions. The one or more portions may includedifferent or the same materials and may be different shapes and sizes orthe same shapes and sizes. The resilient member may include one or morenotches and/or apertures.

The resilient member 58 may be made from a resilient polymeric materialsuch as a thermoset material, a thermoplastic material, or a plastomer.The resilient polymeric material may include a non-cross-linkedmaterial. The resilient polymeric material may include amelt-processible material. The thermoplastic material may containcross-liked polymer chains but remain melt processible. The resilientmember may be made entirely from one or more non-cross-linked resilientpolymeric materials. The resilient member may be made entirely from oneor more melt-processible resilient polymeric materials. The resilientpolymeric material may be modified such as by means of additives or byfoaming to alter its properties.

The resilient member may comprise one or more thermoplastic elastomers(TPE). The thermoplastic elastomer may be a styrenic block copolymers(TPS), thermoplastic polyolefin elastomers (TPO), thermoplasticelastomer vulcanizates (TPV), thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers(TPU), thermoplastic copolyester elastomers (TPC), thermoplasticpolyamide elastomers (TPA), non-classified thermoplastic elastomers(TPZ), and combinations thereof.

To aid with recyclability of the container, the resilient member mayinclude at least one of a non-cross-linked material and amelt-processible material or the resilient member may be made entirelyfrom one or more non-cross-linked, melt-processible materials. Further,the resilient member 58 may have a density that would allow theresilient member 58 to be float-separable during the recycling process.The resilient member 58 may have a density less than 1.0 g/cc.

The resilient member 58 may have a durometer greater than about 5 ShoreA hardness or greater than about 10 Shore A hardness, or greater thanabout 20 Shore A hardness. The durometer of the thermoplastic elastomermay be from about 5 Shore A hardness to about 60 Shore A hardness orfrom about 10 Shore A hardness to about 50 Shore A hardness or fromabout 15 Shore A hardness to about 40 Shore A hardness or from about 20Shore A hardness to about 35 Shore A hardness, including a 1.0 incrementbetween the recited ranges. It is to be appreciated that foaming amaterial will change the durometer.

The resilient member 58 may be used to control the movement of the valvestem 62. The resilient member 58 may be made from a material thatcompresses linearly. The resilient member 58 may be made from a materialthat compresses non-linearly, and thus, has a non-linear compressionprofile. For a non-linear compression profile, the force required tocompress the resilient member, force to compress (FtC), does not changelinearly with the amount of compression. As the valve stem 62 is movedfrom the sealing configuration to the dispensing configuration and thefilling configuration the force to compress the resilient member 58changes. The force to compress the resilient member 58 does not changelinearly with the movement of the valve stem 62.

The resilient member 58 may be preloaded such that the resilient member58 is compressed an initial distance to bias the valve stem in adirection toward the valve body or in a sealing configuration. Topreload the resilient member 58 the engagement member may apply a forceof from about 2 N to about 20 N or from about 3 N to about 15 N or fromabout 5 N to about 10 N. To preload the resilient member 58 theengagement member may apply a force of less than about 10 N or less thanabout 8 N or less than about 5 N.

As the valve stem 62 is moved from the sealing configuration to thedispensing configuration, the resilient member 58 is further compressed.The force needed to compress the resilient member 58 to allow the valvestem 62 to reach the dispensing configuration is from about 12 N toabout 30 N or from about 15 N to about 25 N. The force needed tocompress the resilient member 58 to allow the valve stem 62 to reach thedispensing configuration is greater than about 10 N or greater thanabout 12 N or greater than about 15 N or greater than about 25 N.

As the valve stem 62 is moved from the dispensing configuration to thefilling configuration, the resilient member 58 is further compressed.The force needed to compress the resilient member 58 to allow the valvestem 62 to reach the filling configuration is greater than about 30 N orgreater than about 40 N or greater than about 45 N or greater than about50 N or greater than about 60 N. The force to compress the resilientmember 58 to position the valve stem in the filling configuration isrelatively higher than the force needed to compress the resilient member58 to position the valve stem in the dispensing configuration. The forceto compress the resilient member to position the valve stem in thefilling configuration is greater than the force to compress theresilient member to position the valve stem in the dispensingconfiguration because it would be undesirable to have the consumer, atleast during normal, intended use of the aerosol dispenser, to be ableto move the valve stem 62 to a position that would allow for unintendeddispensing of product, such that a relatively greater amount of productis dispensed. It is to be appreciated that the one or more orifices usedto dispense product may also be used to fill product and/or propellent,and a separate set of orifices used only for filling product and/orpropellant may not be used. Thus, the aerosol may or may not include oneor more orifices for dispensing and one or more offices for filling, butrather, including only one or more orifices for dispensing productand/or propellant. It is also to be appreciated that the force tocompress and force to return of the resilient member will change basedon the geometry and material properties of the resilient member.

As illustrated in FIG. 15, the resilient member 58 may be preloaded suchthat the resilient member 58 is compressed about 0.5 mm. To preload theresilient member 58 the engagement member applies a force of about 12 N.As the valve stem 62 is moved from the sealing configuration to thedispending configuration, the resilient member 58 is further compressedabout 1.5 mm, for a total compression of about 2.0 mm. The force neededto compress the resilient member 58 to allow the valve stem 62 to reachthe dispensing configuration is from about 25 N to about 35 N. As thevalve stem 62 is moved from the dispensing configuration to the fillingconfiguration, the resilient member 58 is compressed further for a totalcompression of at least about 3.0 mm. The force needed to compress theresilient member 58 to allow the valve stem 62 is reach the fillingconfiguration is greater than about 60 N.

The resilient member may have a force-to-compress (FtC) of less thanabout 60 N in order to ensure that a consumer is able to actuate theaerosol dispenser. Actuate refers to the valve stem 62 being moved fromthe sealing configuration to the dispensing configuration. It is to beappreciated that while the force to compress the resilient membercontributes to the force the consumer must apply to activate the aerosoldispenser, other factors such as the type of actuator may furthercontribute to the force the user, or consumer, must apply to activatethe aerosol dispenser. For example, in a push-button actuator, theconsumer-applied force translates directly to the valve stem in order toactivate the aerosol dispenser, while in a trigger-sprayer, the triggerelement provides the consumer with additional leverage whereby a lesserconsumer-applied force can achieve a higher force-to-compress on theresilient member. The force to compress the resilient member may behigher for an aerosol dispenser that has a trigger element to dispenseproduct than an aerosol dispenser that has a push-button to dispenseproduct. The mechanical advantage of the type of actuator may be aconsideration in selecting a material for the resilient member that hasa desirable force to compress.

Stated another way, actuator configurations such as a trigger sprayergenerally have the effect of reducing the user-applied force required tocompress the resilient member, relative to the force required by apush-button configuration. The push-button actuator generally has thehigher consumer-applied force requirement than alternate actuatorconfigurations as the consumer-applied force is translated directly tothe resilient member. The resilient member may have a force-to-compressthat is less than about 60 N, less than about 50 N, less than about 40N, less than about 35 N, less than about 30 N or less than about 25 N.

The aerosol dispenser is configured such that the valve stem returns toa sealing configuration when the consumer applied force is removed. Theforce required to return the valve stem from the dispensing or fillingconfiguration to the sealing configuration is the force to recover(FtR). The resilient member may have a force-to-recover of greater thanabout 5 N to ensure that the resilient member drives the valve stem 62back to the sealing configuration, in which the orifice 108 is sealedfrom product and/or propellant. If the resilient member does not providesufficient force-to-return, the aerosol dispenser may continue todispense after the consumer has released the actuator. The resilientmember may have a force-to-recover that is greater than about 5 N,greater than about 7 N, greater than about 10 N, greater than about 20N, greater than about 30 N or greater than about 40 N.

TABLE 1A FtC FtC FtC FtC FtC FtC Ex. Resilient Member Density Durometer(N) @ (N) @ (N) @ (N) @ (N) @ (N) @ No. Material (g/cm³) Shore A 1.0 mm1.5 mm 2.0 mm 2.5 mm 3.0 mm 3.5 mm 1 THERMOLAST ® K 0.877 18 19.19 31.9047.40 66.06 91.63 137.85 (TPE) (14 × 6 mm diam.) on platen 2THERMOLAST ® K 0.902 33 35.21 61.96 91.39 123.30 170.33 253.44 (TPE) (14× 6 mm diam.) on platen 3 THERMOLAST ® K 0.893 35 28.22 53.97 82.89113.84 156.87 233.20 (TPE) (14 × 6 mm diam.) on platen 4 LubrizolPearlthane 1.070 72 133.86 246.03 372.22 518.22 680.92 856.68(Polyurethane) (14 × 6 mm diam.)

TABLE 1B FtR FtR FtR FtR FtR FtR Ex. Resilient Member Density Durometer(N) @ (N) @ (N) @ (N) @ (N) @ (N) @ No. Material (g/cm3) Shore A 1.0 mm1.5 mm 2.0 mm 2.5 mm 3.0 mm 3.5 mm 1 THERMOLAST ® K 0.877 18 3.23 8.2014.27 23.51 38.71 72.99 (TPE) (14 × 6 mm diam.) on platen 2 THERMOLAST ®K 0.902 33 13.00 27.85 44.91 66.99 104.43 184.90 (TPE) (14 × 6 mm diam.)on platen 3 THERMOLAST ® K 0.893 35 9.34 21.97 39.15 58.86 92.25 165.82(TPE) (14 × 6 mm diam.) on platen 4 Lubrizol Pearlthane 1.070 72 24.4270.69 133.53 218.04 349.65 581.73 (Polyurethane) (14 × 6 mm diam.) Note:The materials of Examples 1-3 were supplied by Kraiburg. The material ofExample 4 was supplied by Lubrizol.

TABLE 2A FtC FtC FtC FtC FtC FtC Ex. Resilient Member Density Durometer(N) @ (N) @ (N) @ (N) @ (N) @ (N) @ No. Material (g/cm3) Shore A 1.0 mm1.5 mm 2.0 mm 2.5 mm 3.0 mm 3.5 mm 5 THERMOLAST ® K 0.877 18 8.17 14.2616.56 15.86 18.94 28.67 (TPE) (14 × 8 mm diam.) on platen 6 THERMOLAST ®K 0.902 33 18.21 29.57 31.79 34.03 41.72 66.00 (TPE) (14 × 8 mm diam.)on platen 7 THERMOLAST ® K 0.893 35 15.23 25.76 30.32 33.67 42.32 62.77(TPE) (14 × 8 mm diam.) on platen 8 Lubrizol Pearlthane 1.070 72 117.68201.05 295.27 340.60 351.42 417.40 (Polyurethane) (14 × 8 mm diam.) 9Lubrizol BCX33 1.170 77 197.35 319.91 427.17 446.18 420.09 456.00Polyester Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) (14 × 8 mm diam.)

TABLE 2B FtR FtR FtR FtR FtR FtR Ex. Resilient Member Density Durometer(N) @ (N) @ (N) @ (N) @ (N) @ (N) @ No. Material (g/cm3) Shore A 1.0 mm1.5 mm 2.0 mm 2.5 mm 3.0 mm 3.5 mm 5 THERMOLAST ® K 0.877 18 1.70 2.353.10 4.63 7.45 16.61 (TPE) (14 × 8 mm diam.) on platen 6 THERMOLAST ® K0.902 33 6.48 11.82 12.88 14.93 21.64 44.78 (TPE) (14 × 8 mm diam.) onplaten 7 THERMOLAST ® K 0.893 35 5.68 11.46 15.25 17.38 22.53 40.77(TPE) (14 × 8 mm diam.) on platen 8 Lubrizol Pearlthane 1.070 72 30.0254.11 72.91 91.75 133.57 246.72 (Polyurethane) (14 × 8 mm diam.) 9Lubrizol BCX33 1.170 77 56.43 78.50 92.95 106.56 142.12 265.43 PolyesterThermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) (14 × 8 mm diam.) Note: The materialsof Examples 5-7 were supplied by Kraiburg. The materials of Examples 8and 9 were supplied by Lubrizol.

Tables 1A, 1B, 2A, and 2B include the force-to-compress (FtC) andforce-to-recover (FtR) for a number of resilient members 58 made fromdifferent materials having a variety of durometers. Tables 1A and 1Binclude examples of the resilient member that are configured as anannulus with a resilient member height RH of 6 mm, an outer diameter of14 mm, and an inner diameter of 6 mm Tables 2A and 2B include examplesof the resilient member 58 that are configured as an annulus with aresilient member height RH of 6 mm, an outer diameter of 14 mm, and aninner diameter of either 6 mm or 8 mm. For Tables 1A, 1B, 2A and 2B, theFtC and FtR measurements are taken on a flat-surface so that theentirety of the resilient member is supported during the measurements.As can be seen, the FtC values and FtR values generally follow, but arenot entirely correlated with, the durometers values.

TABLE 3A FtC FtC FtC FtC FtC FtC Ex. Resilient Member In DensityDurometer (N) @ (N) @ (N) @ (N) @ (N) @ (N) @ No. Material Valve ?(g/cm3) Shore A 1.0 mm 1.5 mm 2.0 mm 2.5 mm 3.0 mm 3.5 mm 10THERMOLAST ® K No 0.893 35 15.23 25.76 30.32 33.67 42.32 62.77 (TPE) (14mm × 8 mm diam) 11 THERMOLAST ® K No 0.893 35 20.65 40.40 63.50 86.83107.83 128.55 (TPE) (14 mm × 7 mm diam) 12 THERMOLAST ® K No 0.893 3528.22 53.97 82.89 113.84 156.87 233.20 (TPE) (14 mm × 6 mm diam) 13THERMOLAST ® K Yes 0.893 35 1.59 4.52 8.37 12.50 16.89 20.19 (TPE) (14mm × 8 mm diam) 14 THERMOLAST ® K Yes 0.893 35 5.47 9.74 15.35 23.1231.52 40.04 (TPE) (14 mm × 7 mm diam) 15 THERMOLAST ® K Yes 0.893 358.53 13.55 19.91 28.09 38.49 50.94 (TPE) (14 mm × 6 mm diam)

TABLE 3B FtR FtR FtR FtR FtR FtR Ex. Resilient Member In DensityDurometer (N) @ (N) @ (N) @ (N) @ (N) @ (N) @ No. Material Valve ?(g/cm3) Shore A 1.0 mm 1.5 mm 2.0 mm 2.5 mm 3.0 mm 3.5 mm 10THERMOLAST ® K No 0.893 35 5.68 11.46 15.25 17.38 22.53 40.77 (TPE) (14mm × 8 mm diam) 11 THERMOLAST ® K No 0.893 35 7.20 13.79 22.37 30.2242.27 78.48 (TPE) (14 mm × 7 mm diam) 12 THERMOLAST ® K No 0.893 35 9.3421.97 39.15 58.86 92.25 165.82 (TPE) (14 mm × 6 mm diam) 13 THERMOLAST ®K Yes 0.893 35 0.38 1.36 2.40 4.67 7.61 11.83 (TPE) (14 mm × 8 mm diam)14 THERMOLAST ® K Yes 0.893 35 1.09 4.27 8.52 14.29 20.31 27.89 (TPE)(14 mm × 7 mm diam) 15 THERMOLAST ® K Yes 0.893 35 3.78 8.25 13.05 19.5329.19 43.24 (TPE) (14 × 6 mm diam) Note: The materials of Examples 10-15were supplied by Kraiburg.

Tables 3A and 3B include the force-to-compress (FtC) andforce-to-recover (FtR) for a series of resilient members formed from agiven resilient member material in a number of different geometricconfigurations that also incorporate the geometry of the valve body.

In examples 10, 11, and 12, the resilient member is configured as anannulus with a resilient member height of 6 mm, an outer diameter of 14mm, and an inner diameter varying from 6 mm to 8 mm, with the FtC andFtR taken on a flat-surface so that the entirety of the resilient memberwas supported when determining the FtC and FtR. The data indicates anincreasing FtC with decreasing inner diameter, which would be consistentwith an increasing overall mass of the resilient member with adecreasing inner diameter.

Examples 13, 14, and 15 show the FtC and FtR of the resilient member asincorporated into a representative valve body, such as illustrated inFIG. 5A. In this configuration, the resilient member is partiallysupported by the upper portion of the first valve body surface or thefirst hoop upper surface 148 and partially unsupported by the upperportion of the first valve body surface or the first upper hoop surface148 so that the inner portion of the annular resilient member overhangsthe lower portion of the first valve body surface or the second hoopupper surface without contacting it. In this configuration, theresilient member functions in part as a compression spring, and in partas a leaf spring.

As shown in Tables 3A and 3B, the relative geometries of the annularresilient member and the valve body geometry can have a significanteffect on the FtC and FtR. For example, while the data in rows 2 and 3have relatively high FtC values at 2 mm displacement when fullysupported, these same resilient members, which corresponds to the datain rows 5 and 6, have relatively lower FtC values at 2 mm displacementwhen incorporated into the valve body.

TABLE 4A FtC FtC FtC FtC FtC FtC Ex. Resilient Member In DensityDurometer (N) @ (N) @ (N) @ (N) @ (N) @ (N) @ No. Material Valve ?(g/cm³) Shore A 1.0 mm 1.5 mm 2.0 mm 2.5 mm 3.0 mm 3.5 mm 16 KraiburgHTF8796-36 No .886 30 71.8 161.7 392.6 894 — — (TPE) (12 mm × 5 mm diam)17 Kraiburg HTF8796-36 Yes .886 30 5.6 8.5 11.3 13.9 19.5 34.0 (TPE) (12mm × 5 mm diam) 18 Kraiburg HTF8796-36 No .886 30 15.3 29.5 45.2 60.878.3 103.6 (TPE) (12 mm × 5 mm diam) 19 Kraiburg HTF8796-36 Yes .886 303.6 7.4 11.4 15.6 19.8 24.5 (TPE) (12 mm × 5 mm diam) 20 KraiburgHTF9343-239 Yes .908 63 4.5 7.0 10.2 14.4 19.9 26.7 (TPE) (o-ringdesign)

TABLE 4B FtR FtR FtR FtR FtR FtR Ex. Resilient Member In DensityDurometer (N) @ (N) @ (N) @ (N) @ (N) @ (N) @ No. Material Valve ?(g/cm3) Shore A 1.0 mm 1.5 mm 2.0 mm 2.5 mm 3.0 mm 3.5 mm 16 KraiburgHTF8796-36 No .886 30 17.9 80.0 249.8 894 — — (TPE) (12 mm × 5 mm diam)17 Kraiburg HTF8796-36 Yes .886 30 3.7 6.5 9.2 11.8 16.2 28.8 (TPE) (12mm × 5 mm diam) 18 Kraiburg HTF8796-36 No .886 30 11.0 24.5 39.3 59.272.7 103.6 (TPE) (12 mm × 5 mm diam) 19 Kraiburg HTF8796-36 Yes .886 302.2 5.4 9.2 13.1 17.4 22.6 (TPE) (12 mm × 5 mm diam) 20 KraiburgHTF9343-239 Yes .908 63 1.5 3.0 5.1 8.1 13.3 26.7 (TPE) (o-ring design)Note: The materials of Examples 16-20 were supplied by Kraiburg.

Tables 4A and 4B include the force-to-compress (FtC) andforce-to-recover (FtR) for a number of resilient members 58 made fromdifferent materials. Examples 16 and 17 include FtC and FtR informationfor resilient members that are configured as an annulus with a resilientmember height RH of 3 mm, an outer diameter of 12 mm, and an innerdiameter of 5 mm Example 16 includes the FtC and FtR for a resilientmember tested on a flat-surface so that the entirety of the resilientmember is supported during the measurements, and Example 17 includes theFtC and FtR for a resilient member tested within the valve that includedfour force concentrators on the engagement member and four forceconcentrators on the valve body, which were offset. Examples 18 and 19include FtC and FtR information for resilient members that areconfigured as an annulus with a resilient member height RH of 7 mm, anouter diameter of 12 mm, and an inner diameter of 5 mm Example 18includes the FtC and FtR for a resilient member tested on a flat-surfaceso that the entirety of the resilient member is supported during themeasurements, and Example 19 includes the FtC and FtR for a resilientmember tested within the valve that included four force concentrators onthe engagement member and four force concentrators on the valve body,which were offset. Example 20 includes the FtC and FtR for a resilientmember shaped as an o-ring and having an inner diameter 7.6 mm, an outerdiameter of 11.2 mm, and a circular cross-sectional diameter of 1.78 mmExample 20 includes the FtC and FtR for a resilient member tested withthe valve that included four force concentrators on the engagementmember and four force concentrators on the valve body, which wereoffset. As illustrated in Tables 4A and 4B, the FtC values and FtRvalues may be changed by the geometry of the valve, such as the forceconcentrators. The force concentrators may be used to reduce the FtC andthe FtR.

Aerosol dispensers are pressurized, such as with propellant. Thus, theinternal pressure of the container may aid in forming the seal betweenthe valve assembly and the container. To dispense product and/orpropellant from the container, a user may directly or indirectly, suchas by use of an actuator, engage the valve stem 62 causing the valvestem 62 to move. Upon engagement, the valve stem 62 may move along orwithin the passageway surface 80. The valve stem 62 may move from afirst position, a sealing configuration, to a second position, adispensing configuration. In a dispensing configuration, the valve stem62 is moved such that the seal between the valve stem and the valve sealin the area of the orifice is broken. Stated another way, the valve stem62 may be moved such that the portion of the valve stem including anorifice loses engagement with the valve seal. Propellant and/or productmay then flow through the orifice and into the channel 95. Upondisengagement of the valve stem 62, the valve stem 62 may move and theportion of the valve stem including the orifice may re-engage the valveseal to once again form a seal between the valve seal and the valvestem. Upon re-engagement of the seal, product and/or propellant may nolonger flow to the orifice 108.

The valve stem 62 may be positioned in a dispensing configuration uponthe actuator being engaged by a user. Thus, the force required to movethe valve stem 62 from a sealing configuration to a dispensingconfiguration is that typically provided by a user. It is to beappreciated that the valve stem 62 may include one or more orifices fordispensing product. However, in some embodiments, additional orificesmay be included in the valve stem 62 for filling the container. Due tothe placement of these additional orifices being closer to the firstportion 86 of the valve stem 62 a greater force is required to move thevalve stem 62 to a position such that product and/or propellant may flowthrough these orifices and to or from the container.

More specifically, the valve stem 62 may be moved such that the portionof the valve stem including the filling orifice is placed in fluidcommunication with the interior of the container. The disengagement ofthe seal between the valve seal and the valve stem in the portion of thevalve stem including the filling orifice may be due to the portion ofthe valve stem 62 including the filling orifice extending beyond thesecond passageway opening 78 of the valve body 54, which allows productand/or propellant to flow through the filling orifice. This position ofthe valve stem 62 may be referred to as a filling configuration. Thefilling configuration may be used, for example, to introduce productand/or propellant into the container during manufacture of the aerosoldispenser. Allowing product and/or propellant to be introduced throughmultiple orifices may relatively shorten manufacturing times by fillingthe container more quickly. Also, by having orifices that are positionedalong the valve stem, the orifices may be different sizes and thosesizes may be selected such that they are best suited for the particularfunction of the dispenser. For example, a first orifice positionedbetween the retaining member and the second portion of the valve stem 62may be sized to allow for product dispensing and a second orificepositioned between the first orifice and the first portion of the valvestem may be sized to allow for filling of the dispenser. For example,the orifice for product dispensing may be smaller than the orifice forfilling the dispenser. It is to be appreciated that the fillingconfiguration may also be used for dispensing. For example, a dispensermay have a first dispensing rate when the stem is positioned in thedispensing configuration and a second dispensing rate, which may begreater than the first dispensing rate, when the stem is positioned inthe filling configuration. Each of the orifices may be used for at leastone of dispensing and filling product and/or propellant.

It is to be appreciated that product and/or propellant may pass throughthe orifices in either direction. Product and/or propellant may flowfrom the container, through the orifice and into the channel 95 or mayflow from the channel 95, through the orifice and into the container.The channel 95 may be in fluid communication with each of the orificespositioned about the valve stem 62. It is also to be appreciated thatthe valve stem 62 may include any number of orifices.

The valve assembly may be configured such that to fill the container,product and/or propellant may pass through one or more orifices definedby the valve stem and/or around the outer stem surface 92. Thus, productand/or propellant may flow into the container through the channel 95 andorifices 108 of the valve stem and/or around the outer stem surface 92of the valve stem. Allowing product and/or propellant to be filledthrough multiple pathways through the valve assembly and into thecontainer may provide for relatively faster filling of the container.For example, the filling configuration may not require an orifice in thevalve stem 62 in fluid communication with the product delivery device56, but rather may include the condition that the product deliverydevice 56 be in fluid communication, by way of the passageway 74, with afilling apparatus sealed radially about the passageway.

As previously discussed, the valve assembly 52 may include an engagementmember 68. The engagement member 68 may be joined to a portion of thevalve stem 62 such that the engagement member 68 moves as the valve stem62 moves. The engagement member 68 may extend from the outer stemsurface 92 towards the outer surface 72 of the valve body 54, such asillustrated in FIG. 16A. The engagement member 68 may be axisymmetric ornon-axisymmetric. The engagement member 68 includes an engagementsurface 69, such as illustrated in FIG. 16B. The engagement surface 69may be configured to operatively engage a portion of the resilientmember 58. The resilient member 58 may be positioned between theengagement surface and a portion of the valve body 54. When the valvestem 62 is in a sealing configuration, the engagement surface 69 mayoperatively engage the resilient member 58 such that the resilientmember 58 is placed under a desired amount of compression which biasesthe valve stem 62 to remain in a position such that a seal ismaintained. When the valve stem 62 is in a dispensing configuration, auser or other mechanical device may overcome a force of the resilientmember to move the valve stem 62 from the sealing configuration to thedispensing configuration or filling configuration. As the valve stem 62moves from the sealing configuration to the dispensing configuration,the engagement member 68 compresses the resilient member 58.

The engagement surface 69 of the engagement member 68 may include one ormore force concentrators 124, such as illustrated in FIGS. 16A and 16B.The one or more force concentrators 124 may be joined to the engagementmember 68. The one or more force concentrators 124 may be integrallymolded with the engagement member 68 or later added to the engagementmember 68. The one or more force concentrators 124 may extend from theengagement surface 69 toward the resilient member 58 and be configuredto operatively engage the resilient member 58. The one or more forceconcentrators 124 concentrate the force applied to the resilient member58 as the valve stem is moved by a user or other mechanical device. Theone or more force concentrators may be used to optimize the force tomove the valve stem and the ability of the valve stem to remain in thesealing configuration. The total surface area of the portion of the oneor more force concentrators that engages the resilient member 58 is lessthan the total surface area of the resilient member 58 in facingrelationship with the one or more force concentrators.

The one or more force concentrators may apply strain to only thoseportions of the resilient member 58 that are engaged by the one or moreforce concentrators. The one or more force concentrators 124 may be anyshape and size such that a desired force is achieved. For example, theforce concentrators may be rectangular, square, conical or tapered, orcrescent-shaped. The force concentrators may include a notch oraperture. The one or more force concentrators may extend radiallyoutward from the longitudinal axis or circumferential to thelongitudinal axis.

Referring to FIGS. 16A and 16C, the valve body 54 may include one ormore force concentrators 124. The one or more force concentrators 124may be integrally molded with the valve body or later added to the valvebody. The one or more force concentrators 124 may extend from the valvebody 54 toward the resilient member 68. The resilient member 68 may bedisposed on the one or more force concentrators 124 extending from thevalve body 54. The one or more force concentrators 124 may be joined toany portion of the valve body 54 such that they operatively engage theresilient member 58. For example, the one or more force concentrators124 may be joined to the portion of the valve body 54 adjacent to theinner passageway 74. Two or more force concentrators 124 may surroundthe inner passageway 74 adjacent to the first passageway opening 76. Theone or more force concentrators 124 concentrate the force applied to theresilient member 58 as the valve stem is moved by a user or othermechanical device. The one or more force concentrators may be used tooptimize the force to move the valve stem and the ability of the valvestem to remain in the sealing configuration. The one or more forceconcentrators 124 may be any shape and size such that a desired force isachieved, such as previously discussed.

It is to be appreciated that one or more force concentrators 124 may bejoined to either the engagement member 68 or the valve body 54. Further,it is to be appreciated that one or more force concentrators 124 may bejoined to each of the engagement member 68 and the valve body 54.

For a configuration of the valve assembly where both of the engagementmember 68 and the valve body 54 have one or more force concentratorsjoined thereto, the one or more force concentrators of the valve body 54may be aligned or offset from the one or more force concentrators of theengagement member 68. For a configuration where the one or more forceconcentrators of the valve body are offset from the one or more forceconcentrators of the engagement member, a relatively thinner resilientmember may be used because the force concentrators have a greater amountof space in which to travel and act on the resilient member. Bycontrast, having the one or more force concentrators of the engagementmember aligned with the one or more force concentrators of the valvebody may require a relatively thicker resilient member to prevent theone or more force concentrators from directly engaging one another andreaching the point that the resilient member is no longer compressible,which may cause the force to move the valve stem to exceed that desiredfor typical consumer use.

Referring to FIGS. 17A and 17B, the position of the resilient member 58may be such that the resilient member 58 is between the valve body 54and the container or a dip tube adaptor 64. Stated another way, theresilient member 58 may be positioned adjacent to the second passagewayopening 78 of the inner passageway 74 of the valve body 54. Similar tothe above, one or more force concentrators 124 may be joined to theretaining member 110 and/or one or more force concentrators may bejoined to the dip tube adaptor 64. The force concentrators areconfigured to operatively engage the resilient member and create adesired force to move the valve stem.

The one or more force concentrators may be joined to at least one of thevalve body 54, retaining member 110, and the engagement member 68 or theone or more force concentrators may be formed as a separate member andadded to the valve assembly, such as illustrated in FIGS. 17A-17B. Theengagement member 68 includes one or more force concentrators configuredto operatively engage a first portion of the resilient member 58 and aforce concentrator member 126 may include one or more forceconcentrators 124 configured to operatively engage a second portion ofthe resilient member 58. The one or more force concentrators may beshaped to better position and/or hold the resilient member 58. Forexample, the one or more force concentrators 124 may have asubstantially concave shape at the portion of the force concentratorthat contacts the resilient member 58.

It is to be appreciated that in any of the aforementionedconfigurations, the one or more force concentrators may be joined to aseparate force concentrator member and the member including the one ormore force concentrators may be included in the valve assembly tooperatively engage the resilient member.

It is to be appreciated that the valve assembly 52 may be configuredsuch that the valve stem 62 does not extend above at least one of theupper portion of the neck or the upper portion of the valve body, suchas illustrated in FIGS. 17A and 17B. Thus, at least one of the upperportion of the neck or the upper portion of the valve body protects thevalve stem during manufacture and transport of the partially assembleddispenser. More specifically, when the valve stem extends beyond theupper surface of the neck and/or the upper surface of the valve body andprior to an actuator being joined to the valve stem, the valve stem maybe inadvertently engaged allowing product and/or propellant to bedispensed or a portion of the valve stem may get damaged. Alternatively,by positioning the valve stem below the upper portion of the neck and/orthe upper portion of the valve body, the valve stem may be protectedfrom inadvertent damage or dispensing.

The aforementioned components of the aerosol dispenser 30 may bepolymeric. By polymeric it is meant that the component is formed of amaterial that includes polymers, and/or particularly polyolefins,polyesters or nylons, and more particularly PET. Thus, the entireaerosol dispenser 30 or, specific components thereof, may be free ofmetal. The container 32, and all other components, may comprise, consistessentially of or consist of PET, PEF (polyethylene furanoate), PEN(polyethylene naphthlate), Nylon, EVOH or combinations thereof. All orsubstantially all of the components of the aerosol dispenser, excludingthe propellant and product, may be configured to be accepted in a singlerecycling stream. All such materials, or a majority of the components ofthe aerosol dispenser 30 (excluding the propellant and product) may becomprised of a single class of resin according to ASTM D7611.Particularly, the majority of the aerosol dispenser 30 by weight may bePET. The majority of the valve assembly by weight may be PET.

A permanent or semi-permanent seal may be used to join any or all of thepolymeric components of the aerosol dispenser 30. Particularly, if thecomponents have compatible melt indices, such components may be sealedby welding to retain propellant therein. Suitable welding processes mayinclude sonic, ultrasonic, spin, and laser welding. For example, spinwelding provides the benefit that the energy plane is generally confinedto a small vertical space, limiting unintended damage of othercomponents not intended to be welded or receive such energy. Welding maybe accomplished with a commercially available welder, such as availablefrom Branson Ultrasonics Corp. of Danbury, Conn.

Overpressurization and deformation may occur during heating, eitherintentionally or inadvertently, of an aerosol dispenser. Thisoverpressurization and deformation may result in rupture of the aerosoldispenser and/or premature loss of propellant and/or product. The valve52 may be designed such that the deformation is controlled and therelease of product and/or propellant is controlled.

The valve stem 62 may be designed, in part, to aid in controlling theoverpressurization and deformation of the aerosol dispenser when heatedto relatively high temperatures. The valve stem 62 may include aretaining member 110. The retaining member 110 may be positioned at thethird portion 90 of the valve stem 62. The retaining member 110 may be aseparate member joined to the valve stem 62 or may be integrally formed,such as by molding, during the manufacture of the valve stem 62. Theretaining member 110 may be configured to engage a portion of the valvebody 54. For example, the retaining member 110 may be configured toengage the portion of the valve body 54 that is adjacent to the secondpassageway opening 78. The retaining member 110 may be configured toengage any portion of the valve body 54 and/or the valve seal. Theretaining member 110 aids in positioning the valve stem 62 with respectto the inner passageway 74 and aids in preventing the valve stem 62 frombeing adversely ejected from the valve body 54.

During overpressurization of the dispenser, the retaining member 110 maydeform and allow the valve stem 62 to move in a direction away from thevalve body and/or valve seal, but not be ejected from the valve body.The retaining member 110 may deform in a manner such that the valve stem62 moves away from the valve body and/or valve seal to create a flowpath which allows product and/or propellant to vent or be released andprevents unsafe ejection of the valve stem from the valve body 54 and/orunsafe discharge of product and/or propellant from the container.

The aerosol dispenser including the aforementioned components may beused to safely vent propellant and/or product when the aerosol dispenseris subject to these relatively high temperatures and/or pressures. Thevalve assembly is designed to allow for release of the product and/orpropellant. When the aerosol dispenser is subject to relatively hightemperatures, the valve body may pivot about the transition portion,which allows the valve body to move away from the valve stem. The valvestem may separate from the valve seal such that product and/orpropellant may flow from the container, through or around the retainingmember, which may include one or more voids, such as apertures, slots,and notches. A flow path is created between the valve stem and the valveseal through the movement of the valve body. The movement of the valvebody may be away from the container and/or outward toward the neck ofthe container. The valve body may pivot about the transition portion andalso around the valve cavity to allow for movement of the valve body andto form a flow path between the valve seal and the valve stem. The voidin the retaining member may also aid in allowing product and/orpropellant to be released. The product and/or propellant may passthrough the void, such as an aperture and/or slot, or the void may causethe retaining member to deform, such as with respect to the one or morenotches. The deformation of the retaining member may provide a flow pathfrom the container through the separated valve seal and valve stem. Anaerosol dispenser including the aforementioned components may safelyrelease product and/or propellant.

Test Method Force to Compress and Force to Recover

The force-to-compress (FtC) and force-to-recover (FtR) is determinedusing a constant rate of extension tensile tester in compression mode,such as the Stable Micro Systems TA.XT Plus Texture Analyzer withExponent software (available from Texture Technologies, Hamilton, Mass.)for data collection and analysis, or equivalent. The instrument isconfigured with a 100 Kg load cell. The test sample is placed below anupper platen and rests on a lower platen. The upper platen is a flat,circular platen aligned orthogonal to the axis of compression, with adiameter greater than the diameter of the test sample. The lower platenis a horizontal, level platform base.

The instrument is programed for compression mode. The upper platen islowered at a rate of 0.5 mm/sec until a force of 0.49 N is detected. Atthis vertical position the test compression begins and, thus, theadjusted gage length is set. The upper platen is lowered at 0.50 mm/secfor 4.0 mm, with a hold time of 0.0 sec. Once 4.0 mm verticaldisplacement is reached the upper platen immediately is raised at 0.50mm/sec to the adjusted gage length. The upper platen is then returned toits starting position. Data is recorded at a rate of at least 400 Hz forthe compression and recovery cycles.

The FtC and FtR measurements are taken on the resilient member bothwithin the geometry of the valve body and remotely, isolated from thevalve body. If the resilient member is a multi-part member, the remotemeasurement is taken on all the parts together, as they would bearranged within the geometry of the valve-body.

Place the sample, either the resilient member or the valve bodycontaining resilient member, on the platform of the instrument centeredunder the upper platen. Manually lower the platen to approximately 2 mmabove the sample. Zero the distance and force. Start the program andcollect both distance and force data.

Construct a Distance (mm) versus Force (N) curve including both thecompression and recovery cycle. At a specified distance, read the forcevalue from the compression cycle and record as FtC @ X mm (where X isthe compression distance) to the nearest 0.01 N. At the same specifieddistance, read the force value from the recovery cycle and record as FtR@ X mm (where X is the compression distance) to the nearest 0.01 N.Repeat measurements on a total of 3 replicate samples for both theisolated resilient member and the valve body with resilient member andreport values as the average to the nearest 0.01 N.

Durometer is determined by ISO 7619-1.

The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be understood asbeing strictly limited to the exact numerical values recited. Instead,unless otherwise specified, each such dimension is intended to mean boththe recited value and a functionally equivalent range surrounding thatvalue. For example, a dimension disclosed as “40 mm” is intended to mean“about 40 mm.”

It should be understood that every maximum numerical limitation giventhroughout this specification will include every lower numericallimitation, as if such lower numerical limitations were expresslywritten herein. Every minimum numerical limitation given throughout thisspecification will include every higher numerical limitation, as if suchhigher numerical limitations were expressly written herein. Everynumerical range given throughout this specification will include everynarrower numerical range that falls within such broader numerical range,as if such narrower numerical ranges were all expressly written herein.

Every document cited herein, including any cross referenced or relatedpatent or application and any patent application or patent to which thisapplication claims priority or benefit thereof, is hereby incorporatedherein by reference in its entirety unless expressly excluded orotherwise limited. The citation of any document is not an admission thatit is prior art with respect to any invention disclosed or claimedherein or that it alone, or in any combination with any other referenceor references, teaches, suggests or discloses any such invention.Further, to the extent that any meaning or definition of a term in thisdocument conflicts with any meaning or definition of the same term in adocument incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition assignedto that term in this document shall govern.

While particular embodiments of the present invention have beenillustrated and described, it would be obvious to those skilled in theart that various other changes and modifications can be made withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is thereforeintended to cover in the appended claims all such changes andmodifications that are within the scope of this invention.

What is claimed is:
 1. A valve for a dispenser, the valve comprising: avalve body extending about a longitudinal axis, the valve body definingan outer surface and an inner passageway, wherein the inner passagewaycomprises a first passageway opening and a second passageway opening anda passageway surface extending from the first passageway opening to thesecond passageway opening; and a valve stem extending through the innerpassageway, wherein a first portion of the valve stem extends throughthe first passageway opening and a second portion of the valve stem issubstantially surrounded by the passageway surface, wherein the valvestem comprises an outer stem surface and an inner stem surface oppositethe outer stem surface; and a retaining member joined to the secondportion of the valve stem, wherein the retaining member extends outwardfrom the outer stem surface, wherein the retaining member comprises afirst retaining member surface and a second retaining member surface,wherein the retaining member comprises a void.
 2. The valve of claim 1,wherein the void comprises an aperture extending from the firstretaining member surface to the second retaining member surface.
 3. Thevalve of claim 1, wherein the valve stem comprises a first orificeextending from the outer stem surface to the inner stem surface, whereinthe inner stem surface defines a channel in fluid communication with thefirst orifice.
 4. The valve of claim 3, wherein the channel extends fromthe retaining member to a dispensing opening.
 5. The valve of claim 1,comprising an engagement member operatively engaging a portion the valvestem and a portion of a resilient member.
 6. The valve of claim 5,wherein the resilient member is made from a polymer.
 7. The valve ofclaim 1, wherein a portion of the retaining member is configured tooperatively engage a portion of the valve body.
 8. The valve of claim 1,comprising a valve seal joined to at least a portion of the innerpassageway and extending from the inner passageway to the secondpassageway opening.
 9. The valve of claim 8, wherein the valve sealextends about the second passageway opening and into a valve cavitypositioned adjacent to the second passageway opening.
 10. The valve ofclaim 8, wherein a portion of the retaining member is configured tooperatively engage a portion of the valve seal adjacent to the secondpassageway opening.
 11. The valve of claim 8, wherein the valve sealcomprises a seal protrusion that extends downwardly from the portion ofthe valve seal positioned adjacent to the second passageway opening. 12.The valve of claim 11, wherein the first retaining member surface of theretaining member operatively engages the seal protrusion of the valveseal to form a concentrated seal location.
 13. The valve of claim 1,wherein the valve stem is configured to move from a sealed configurationto a dispensing configuration.
 14. The valve of claim 1, wherein thevoid comprises a slot, wherein the slot extends from a perimeter of theretaining member toward the valve stem.
 15. The valve of claim 1,wherein the void comprises a notch, wherein the notch extends fromsecond retaining member surface toward the first retaining membersurface of the retaining member.
 16. A valve for a dispenser, the valvecomprising: a valve body extending about a longitudinal axis, the valvebody defining an outer surface and an inner passageway, wherein theinner passageway comprises a first passageway opening and a secondpassageway opening and a passageway surface extending from the firstpassageway opening to the second passageway opening; and a valve stemextending through the inner passageway, wherein the valve stem comprisesan outer stem surface and an inner stem surface opposite the outer stemsurface, wherein the valve stem comprises a first orifice extending fromthe outer stem surface to the inner stem surface, and wherein the innerstem surface defines a channel in fluid communication with the firstorifice and extending from the first orifice to a dispensing opening;and a retaining member joined to the second portion of the valve stem,wherein the retaining member extends outward from the outer stemsurface, wherein the retaining member comprises a first retaining membersurface and a second retaining member surface, wherein the retainingmember comprises a void.
 17. The valve of claim 16, wherein the voidcomprises at least one of a slot, a notch, and an aperture.
 18. A valvefor a dispenser, the valve comprising: a valve body extending about alongitudinal axis, the valve body defining an outer surface and an innerpassageway, wherein the inner passageway comprises a first passagewayopening and a second passageway opening and a passageway surfaceextending from the first passageway opening to the second passagewayopening; and a valve seal joined to a portion of the valve body; a valvestem extending through the inner passageway and operatively engaging aportion of the valve seal, wherein the valve stem comprises an outerstem surface and an inner stem surface opposite the outer stem surface,wherein the valve stem comprises a first orifice extending from theouter stem surface to the inner stem surface, and wherein the inner stemsurface defines a channel in fluid communication with the first orifice;and a retaining member joined to the second portion of the valve stem,wherein the retaining member extends outward from the outer stemsurface, wherein the retaining member comprises an first retainingmember surface and a second retaining member surface, wherein at least aportion of the first retaining member surface operatively engages thevalve seal, and wherein the retaining member comprises a void.
 19. Thevalve of claim 18, wherein the void comprises at least one of a slot, anotch, and an aperture.
 20. The valve of claim 18, comprising a valveseal joined to at least a portion of the inner passageway and extendingfrom the inner passageway about the second passageway opening, whereinthe valve seal extends about the second passageway opening and into avalve cavity positioned adjacent to the second passageway opening, and aportion of the retaining member is configured to operatively engage aportion of the valve seal.
 21. A method of safe venting a pressurizedcontainer comprising: providing a container comprising: an actuator; avalve assembly operatively engaged with the actuator, the valve assemblycomprising: a valve body extending about a longitudinal axis, the valvebody defining an outer surface and an inner passageway, wherein theinner passageway comprises a first passageway opening and a secondpassageway opening and a passageway surface extending from the firstpassageway opening to the second passageway opening; and a valve stemextending through the inner passageway, wherein first portion of thevalve stem extends through the first passageway opening, a secondportion of the valve stem is substantially surrounded by the passagewaysurface, wherein the valve stem comprises an outer stem surface, aninner stem surface opposite the outer stem surface; and a retainingmember joined to the second portion of the valve stem, wherein the basestem portion extends outward from the outer stem surface, wherein theretaining member comprises at least one of an aperture and a slot; anouter container comprising a neck defining an opening, wherein the valvebody is joined to the neck; a propellant disposed within the outercontainer; a product disposed within the outer container; subjecting thecontainer to overpressurization, wherein at least one of the apertureand the slot release at least one of the propellant and product and thevalve stem remains engaged with at least a portion of the valve body.22. The method of safe venting of claim 21, wherein the valve assemblycomprises a valve seal, wherein the valve seal operatively engages atleast a portion of the inner passageway and the valve stem.
 23. Themethod of safe venting of claim 22, comprising separating the valve sealfrom the valve stem such that at least one of product and propellent mayflow between the valve seal and the valve stem.
 24. The method of safeventing of claim 21, comprising collapsing the retaining member alongthe slot.
 25. A method of safe venting a pressurized containercomprising: providing a container comprising: an actuator; a valveassembly operatively engaged with the actuator, the valve assemblycomprising: a valve body extending about a longitudinal axis, the valvebody defining an outer surface and an inner passageway, wherein theinner passageway comprises a first passageway opening and a secondpassageway opening and a passageway surface extending from the firstpassageway opening to the second passageway opening; and a valve stemextending through the inner passageway, wherein first portion of thevalve stem extends through the first passageway opening, a secondportion of the valve stem is substantially surrounded by the passagewaysurface, wherein the valve stem comprises an outer stem surface, aninner stem surface opposite the outer stem surface; and a retainingmember joined to the second portion of the valve stem, wherein the basestem portion extends outward from the outer stem surface, wherein theretaining member comprises a notch; a container comprising a neckdefining an opening, wherein the valve body is joined to the neck; apropellant disposed within the container; a product disposed within thecontainer; overpressurizing the container; collapsing the retainingmember along the notch, wherein the valve stem remains engaged with atleast a portion of the valve body; and releasing at least one of thepropellant and product.